a Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Nov/Dec;51(6):440-451. doi: 10.1080/10409238.2016.1215407. Epub 2016 Aug 5.
Exonuclease 1 (EXO1) is a multifunctional 5' → 3' exonuclease and a DNA structure-specific DNA endonuclease. EXO1 plays roles in DNA replication, DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and DNA double-stranded break repair (DSBR) in lower and higher eukaryotes and contributes to meiosis, immunoglobulin maturation, and micro-mediated end-joining in higher eukaryotes. In human cells, EXO1 is also thought to play a role in telomere maintenance. Mutations in the human EXO1 gene correlate with increased susceptibility to some cancers. This review summarizes recent studies on the enzymatic functions and biological roles of EXO1, its possible protective role against cancer and aging, and regulation of EXO1 by posttranslational modification.
外切核酸酶 1（EXO1）是一种多功能的 5'→3'外切核酸酶和 DNA 结构特异性 DNA 内切酶。在低等和高等真核生物中，EXO1 参与 DNA 复制、DNA 错配修复（MMR）和 DNA 双链断裂修复（DSBR），并有助于减数分裂、免疫球蛋白成熟和高等真核生物中的微介导末端连接。在人类细胞中，EXO1 也被认为在端粒维持中发挥作用。人类 EXO1 基因突变与某些癌症的易感性增加有关。本文综述了 EXO1 的酶学功能和生物学作用、其对癌症和衰老的可能保护作用以及 EXO1 的翻译后修饰调节的最新研究进展。
