Lüthi J M, Gerber C, Claassen H, Hoppeler H
Anatomisches Institut, Universität Bern.
Sportverletz Sportschaden. 1989 Jun;3(2):58-61. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-993634.
Muscle soreness is a common feature among athletes and untrained individuals who engage in unusual, especially intense eccentric exercise. Various biochemical markers as for example elevated CK demonstrate a damage of muscle cells. The most prominent structural finding is a varying degree of disruption of the contractile material up to cell degeneration. These morphological findings reach their maximum 2 or 3 days after exercise. Signs of regeneration, however, are seen even weeks after exercise. In a prospective study we investigated the structures of the quadriceps muscle in 41 patients with chronic symptomatic instability of the anterior cruciate ligament before, 9 and 26 weeks after operation using the needle biopsy technique. The immobilized muscle showed a rapid and large atrophy which markedly reduced aerobic capacity as well as maximal strength. Preoperative values weren't attained 26 weeks postoperative despite intense physiotherapeutic exercise. The control leg showed an atrophy as well, but only aerobic capacity was reduced, maximal strength remained about the same.
肌肉酸痛是运动员和从事不寻常运动，尤其是剧烈离心运动的非训练者的常见特征。各种生化指标，如肌酸激酶（CK）升高，表明肌肉细胞受损。最显著的结构发现是收缩物质出现不同程度的破坏，直至细胞变性。这些形态学发现于运动后2至3天达到高峰。然而，即使在运动数周后仍可见再生迹象。在一项前瞻性研究中，我们采用针吸活检技术，对41例前交叉韧带慢性症状性不稳定患者在手术前、术后9周和26周时的股四头肌结构进行了研究。固定的肌肉出现快速且明显的萎缩，这显著降低了有氧能力和最大力量。尽管进行了强化物理治疗，但术后26周仍未达到术前水平。对照腿也出现了萎缩，但仅有氧能力降低，最大力量基本保持不变。
