Lima Debora B, Melo José W S, Gondim Manoel G C, Guedes Raul N C, Oliveira José E M
Departamento de Agronomia - Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manuel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
Departamento de Agronomia (Fitossanidade), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manuel de Medeiros s/n, Bairro Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52.171-900, Brazil.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2016 Oct;70(2):165-77. doi: 10.1007/s10493-016-0074-x. Epub 2016 Aug 5.
The coconut production system, in which the coconut mite Aceria guerreronis is considered a key pest, provides an interesting model for integration of biological and chemical control. In Brazil, the most promising biological control agent for the coconut mite is the phytoseiid predator Neoseiulus baraki. However, acaricides are widely used to control the coconut mite, although they frequently produce unsatisfactory results. In this study, we evaluated the simultaneous direct effect of dry residue contact and contaminated prey ingestion of the main acaricides used on coconut palms (i.e., abamectin, azadirachtin and fenpyroximate) on life-history traits of N. baraki and their offspring. These acaricides are registered, recommended and widely used against A. guerreronis in Brazil, and they were tested at their label rates. The offspring of the exposed predators was also evaluated by estimating the instantaneous rate of population increase (r i ). Abamectin compromised female performance, whereas fenpyroximate did not affect the exposed females (F0). Nonetheless, fenpyroximate strongly compromised the offspring (F1) net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of population growth (r i ), and doubling time (DT). In contrast, fenpyroximate did not have such effects on the 2nd generation (F2) of predators with acaricide-exposed grandparents. Azadirachtin did not affect the predators, suggesting that this acaricide can be used in association with biological control by this predatory species. In contrast, the use of abamectin and fenpyroximate is likely to lead to adverse consequences in the biological control of A. guerreronis using N. baraki.
椰子生产系统中，椰螨Aceria guerreronis被视为主要害虫，这为生物防治与化学防治的整合提供了一个有趣的模型。在巴西，对椰螨最有前景的生物防治剂是植绥螨捕食者巴氏新小绥螨Neoseiulus baraki。然而，杀螨剂被广泛用于防治椰螨，尽管它们常常效果不佳。在本研究中，我们评估了用于椰树的主要杀螨剂（即阿维菌素、印楝素和唑螨酯）的干残留接触和受污染猎物摄入对巴氏新小绥螨及其后代生活史特征的同时直接影响。这些杀螨剂在巴西已注册、被推荐且广泛用于防治椰螨，并按标签剂量进行了测试。还通过估计种群瞬时增长率（ri）对暴露捕食者的后代进行了评估。阿维菌素损害了雌螨的性能，而唑螨酯对暴露的雌螨（F0）没有影响。尽管如此，唑螨酯严重损害了后代（F1）的净繁殖率（R0）、种群内禀增长率（ri）和加倍时间（DT）。相比之下，唑螨酯对有杀螨剂暴露祖父母的第二代捕食者（F2）没有此类影响。印楝素对捕食者没有影响，表明这种杀螨剂可与这种捕食性物种的生物防治联合使用。相比之下，使用阿维菌素和唑螨酯可能会给利用巴氏新小绥螨对椰螨进行生物防治带来不利后果。
