Lozoya-Ibáñez Carlos, Morgado-Nunes Sara, Rodrigues Alexandra, Lobo Cláudia, Taborda-Barata Luis
Castelo Branco Local Health Unit, Allergy Department, Castelo Branco, Portugal ; Faculty of Health Sciences, CICS-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Escola Superior de Gestão, Castelo Branco, Portugal.
Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2016 Aug 5;12:36. doi: 10.1186/s13223-016-0139-8. eCollection 2016.
Only one previous study, via telephone call, on the prevalence of self-reported food allergies has been performed in Portugal, in a small sample of adults. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-reported and probable food allergy, analyze the clinical features and involved foods in Portuguese adults.
Population-based, cross-sectional study performed in various healthcare centres from central Portugal. All 1436 randomly selected individuals (median age: 45 years, 50.6 % female) replied to a validated food allergy questionnaire by phone. Those who reported an adverse food reaction were invited to come to the hospital, where clinical history was taken, skin prick (SPT) and prick-prick skin (SPPT) tests were performed and food allergen-specific IgE levels (sIgE) were determined. An open oral challenge was performed in selected cases. Cases of positive clinical history of immediate (up to 2 h after ingestion) reaction in association with positive food sIgE levels and/or skin prick tests were classified as IgE-associated probable food allergy. Cases of positive clinical history of delayed (more than 2 h after ingestion) and negative food sIgE levels independently of positive SPT or SPPT results were classified as non-IgE associated probable food allergy.
The prevalence of probable food allergy in our sample was 1 %, with shellfish and fish as the most frequently implicated foods. IgE-mediated probable food allergy occurred in 0.71 % of cases, with shellfish, peanut and nuts mainly involved. Cutaneous symptoms were most frequently reported. Prevalence values and food types were discrepant between self-reported and probable food allergies.
The prevalence of probable food allergies in Portuguese adults is low, is mostly related to shellfish, peanut and nuts and most frequently involves cutaneous symptoms.
此前在葡萄牙仅通过电话对一小部分成年人进行过一项关于自我报告的食物过敏患病率的研究。本研究的目的是确定自我报告的和可能的食物过敏的患病率，分析葡萄牙成年人的临床特征及相关食物。
在葡萄牙中部的多个医疗中心开展基于人群的横断面研究。随机选取的1436名个体（中位年龄：45岁，50.6%为女性）通过电话回复了一份经过验证的食物过敏问卷。那些报告有食物不良反应的人被邀请到医院，在那里采集临床病史，进行皮肤点刺试验（SPT）和点刺-针刺皮肤试验（SPPT），并测定食物过敏原特异性IgE水平（sIgE）。对部分选定病例进行开放性口服激发试验。摄入后立即（2小时内）出现反应且食物sIgE水平和/或皮肤点刺试验呈阳性的临床病史阳性病例被归类为IgE相关的可能食物过敏。摄入后延迟出现反应（摄入后超过2小时）且食物sIgE水平为阴性，无论皮肤点刺试验或点刺-针刺皮肤试验结果如何的临床病史阳性病例被归类为非IgE相关的可能食物过敏。
我们样本中可能食物过敏的患病率为1%，贝类和鱼类是最常涉及的食物。IgE介导的可能食物过敏发生在0.71%的病例中，主要涉及贝类、花生和坚果。皮肤症状是最常报告的症状。自我报告的食物过敏和可能的食物过敏之间的患病率值和食物类型存在差异。
葡萄牙成年人中可能食物过敏的患病率较低，主要与贝类、花生和坚果有关，最常涉及皮肤症状。
