Ajah Leonard Ogbonna, Chigbu Chibuike Ogwuegbu, Ozumba Benjamin Chukwuma, Oguanuo Theophilus Chimezie, Ezeonu Paul Olisaemeka
Lecturer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria , Enugu Campus, Nigeria .
Senior Lecturer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria , Enugu Campus, Nigeria .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Jun;10(6):QC05-8. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/18328.8049. Epub 2016 Jun 1.
Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a contraceptive method used by women of reproductive age group. However, there are conflicting reports on the association between IUD and cervical neoplasia. These controversies may further hamper the poor uptake of modern contraception in Nigeria.
This study was therefore aimed at evaluating the association between IUD and cervical neoplasia.
This was a case control study in which Pap smear results of 156 participants on IUD were compared with those of 156 non-users of modern contraception. The participants who were found to have abnormal cervical smear cytology results were further subjected to colposcopy. Biopsy specimens for histology were collected from the participants with obvious cervical lesions or those with suspicious lesions on colposcopy. The results were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics at 95% level of confidence.
Seven (4.5%) and 2(1.3%) of participants using IUD had Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) 1 and CIN 2 respectively. Also, 5(3.2%) and 1(0.6%) of non-users of modern contraception had CIN 1 and CIN 2 respectively. The prevalence of cervical neoplasia among all the participants was 4.8%. Although, the proportion of women who had CIN was more among participants using IUD than non-users of modern contraception, the difference was not statistically significant.
There was no significant association between IUD and cervical neoplasia in this study.
宫内节育器（IUD）是育龄期女性使用的一种避孕方法。然而，关于IUD与宫颈肿瘤形成之间的关联存在相互矛盾的报道。这些争议可能会进一步阻碍尼日利亚现代避孕方法的低使用率。
因此，本研究旨在评估IUD与宫颈肿瘤形成之间的关联。
这是一项病例对照研究，将156名使用IUD的参与者的巴氏涂片结果与156名未使用现代避孕方法的参与者的结果进行比较。宫颈涂片细胞学结果异常的参与者进一步接受阴道镜检查。从有明显宫颈病变或阴道镜检查有可疑病变的参与者中采集组织学活检标本。结果采用描述性和推断性统计分析，置信水平为95%。
使用IUD的参与者中，分别有7名（4.5%）和2名（1.3%）患有宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）1级和CIN 2级。同样，未使用现代避孕方法的参与者中，分别有5名（3.2%）和1名（0.6%）患有CIN 1级和CIN 2级。所有参与者中宫颈肿瘤形成的患病率为4.8%。尽管使用IUD的参与者中患有CIN的女性比例高于未使用现代避孕方法的参与者，但差异无统计学意义。
本研究中IUD与宫颈肿瘤形成之间无显著关联。
