Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Mol Cell Biochem. 2004 Aug;263(1):55-72. doi: 10.1023/B:MCBI.0000041848.57020.57.
Different mechanisms lead to the degradation of intracellular proteins in the lysosomal compartment. Activation of one autophagic pathway or another, under specific cellular conditions, plays an important role in the ability of the cell to adapt to environmental changes. Each form of autophagy has its own individual characteristics, but it also shares common steps and components with the others. This interdependence of the autophagic pathways confers to the lysosomal system, both specificity and flexibility on substrate degradation. We describe in this review some of the recent findings on the molecular basis and regulation for each of the different autophagic pathways. We also discuss the cellular consequences of their interdependent function. Malfunctioning of the autophagic systems has dramatic consequences, especially in non-dividing differentiated cells. Using the heart as an example of such cells, we analyze the relevance of autophagy in aging and cell death, as well as in different pathological conditions. (Mol Cell Biochem 263: 55-72, 2004).
不同的机制导致溶酶体腔内细胞内蛋白质的降解。在特定的细胞条件下，一种或另一种自噬途径的激活在细胞适应环境变化的能力中起着重要作用。每种形式的自噬都有其自身的特点，但也与其他自噬途径共享共同的步骤和成分。这种自噬途径的相互依赖性赋予溶酶体系统在底物降解方面具有特异性和灵活性。在这篇综述中，我们描述了关于不同自噬途径的分子基础和调节的一些最新发现。我们还讨论了它们相互作用的功能的细胞后果。自噬系统的功能障碍会产生巨大的后果，特别是在非分裂的分化细胞中。我们以心脏为例分析了自噬在衰老和细胞死亡以及不同病理条件下的相关性。（分子细胞生物化学 263: 55-72, 2004）。
