Twal Waleed O, Wahlquist Amy E, Balasubramanian Sundaravadivel
Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Aug 18;16:294. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1286-7.
Self-report measures indicate that Yoga practices are perceived to reduce stress; however, molecular mechanisms through which YB affects stress are just beginning to be understood. While invasive sampling such as blood has been widely used to measure biological indicators such as pro-inflammatory biomarkers, the use of saliva to measure changes in various biomolecules has been increasingly recognized. As Yoga practice stimulates salivary secretion, and saliva is considered a source of biomarkers, changes in salivary cytokines before and after Yogic breathing exercise as specified in an ancient Tamil script, Thirumanthiram, were examined using a Cytokine Multiplex to compare to Attention Control (AC) group.
Twenty healthy volunteers were randomized into two groups stratified by gender (N = 10 per YB and AC groups); The YB group performed two YB exercises, each for ten minutes, for a total of twenty minutes in a single session as directed by a trained Yoga instructor. The AC group read a text of their choice for 20 min. Saliva was collected immediately after YB training at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 min and analyzed by Multiplex enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein -1 (MCP-1) were significantly reduced in YB group when compared to AC group. The level of reduction of IL-8 was significant at all time points tested, whereas IL-1β showed reduction at 15 and 20 min time points (p < 0.05), and MCP-1 level was marginally different at 5-20 min. There were no significant differences between YB and AC groups in the salivary levels of IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IP-10, MIP-1b, and TNF-α.
These data are the first to demonstrate the feasibility of detecting salivary cytokines using multiplex assay in response to a Yoga practice. This study was registered in Clinical Trials.gov # NCT02108769.
自我报告测量表明，瑜伽练习被认为可以减轻压力；然而，瑜伽体式（YB）影响压力的分子机制才刚刚开始被理解。虽然诸如血液等侵入性采样已被广泛用于测量生物指标，如促炎生物标志物，但使用唾液来测量各种生物分子的变化已越来越受到认可。由于瑜伽练习会刺激唾液分泌，且唾液被认为是生物标志物的一个来源，因此使用细胞因子多重检测法，对古代泰米尔文献《蒂鲁曼蒂拉姆》中规定的瑜伽呼吸练习前后唾液细胞因子的变化进行了检测，并与注意力控制（AC）组进行比较。
20名健康志愿者按性别分层随机分为两组（YB组和AC组各10名）；YB组在训练有素的瑜伽教练指导下，进行两次瑜伽体式练习，每次10分钟，单次共20分钟。AC组阅读他们选择的文本20分钟。在YB训练后0、5、10、15和20分钟立即收集唾液，并通过多重酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进行分析。
与AC组相比，YB组白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-8和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）水平显著降低。IL-8在所有测试时间点的降低水平均显著，而IL-1β在15和20分钟时间点出现降低（p<0.05），MCP-1水平在5至20分钟时略有差异。YB组和AC组在唾液中IL-1RA、IL-6、IL-10、IL-17、IP-10、MIP-1b和TNF-α水平上无显著差异。
这些数据首次证明了使用多重检测法检测唾液细胞因子以响应瑜伽练习的可行性。本研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册，编号为#NCT02108769。
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