Belot Michèle, James Jonathan, Nolen Patrick
University of Edinburgh, UK.
University of Bath, UK.
J Health Econ. 2016 Dec;50:213-229. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2016.07.003. Epub 2016 Aug 10.
We conduct a field experiment in 31 primary schools in England to test the effectiveness of different temporary incentives on increasing choice and consumption of fruit and vegetables at lunchtime. In each treatment, pupils received a sticker for choosing a fruit or vegetable at lunch. They were eligible for an additional reward at the end of the week depending on the number of stickers accumulated, either individually (individual scheme) or in comparison to others (competition). Overall, we find no significant effect of the individual scheme, but positive effects of competition. For children who had margin to increase their consumption, competition increases choice of fruit and vegetables by 33% and consumption by 48%. These positive effects generally carry over to the week immediately following the treatment, but are not sustained effects six months later. We also find large differences in effectiveness across demographic characteristics such as age and gender.
我们在英国的31所小学开展了一项实地实验，以测试不同临时激励措施对增加午餐时间水果和蔬菜的选择及消费量的有效性。在每种处理方式中，学生午餐选择水果或蔬菜可获得一张贴纸。根据当周积累的贴纸数量，他们有资格获得额外奖励，奖励方式分为个人奖励（个人方案）或与他人比较的奖励（竞赛）。总体而言，我们发现个人方案没有显著效果，但竞赛有积极效果。对于有增加消费空间的儿童，竞赛使水果和蔬菜的选择增加了33%，消费量增加了48%。这些积极效果通常会延续到处理后的紧接着的那一周，但六个月后不会持续。我们还发现，在年龄和性别等人口特征方面，有效性存在很大差异。
