Tartor Yasmine H, El Damaty Hend M, Mahmmod Yasser S
Departments of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Province, Egypt.
Departments of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Province, Egypt.
Vet Dermatol. 2016 Oct;27(5):401-e102. doi: 10.1111/vde.12372. Epub 2016 Aug 22.
Rapid and accurate identification of dermatophytes is crucial for the effective control of disease outbreaks. Current methods based on culture and microscopic characteristics may require weeks before positive identification is made.
To (i) identify the most common pathogenic dermatophytes affecting Arabian horses; (ii) compare the performance of direct microscopy (DM), culture, PCR using hair samples (PCRhair ) and PCR based on culture isolates (PCRculture ) for the diagnosis of dermatophytosis.
Samples of hair and crusts of skin lesions from Arabian horses were collected on a monthly basis by scraping skin of affected horses. Samples were divided into three portions: the first portion was used for microscopic examination, the second for culture and the third portion for PCR amplification of intergenic spacer (ITS) regions.
Out of 200 horses examined, 70 (35%) showed cutaneous lesions characteristic of dermatophytosis. DM revealed that 70.4% were positive for fungal elements and 85.7% were culture positive. The identified species were Microsporum canis, Trichophyton verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes and M. equinum. Among 25 selected samples, 64, 92, 91.3 and 52% were positive for dermatophytes, as determined by DM, culture, PCRculture and PCRhair , respectively.
The dermatophytes M. canis, T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes and M. equinum were the most common cause of dermatophytosis in Arabian horses. Although the number of samples was small, the ITS-based PCR may be a useful diagnostic tool when combined with culture.
快速准确地鉴定皮肤癣菌对于有效控制疾病暴发至关重要。基于培养和微观特征的现有方法可能需要数周时间才能做出阳性鉴定。
（i）鉴定影响阿拉伯马的最常见致病性皮肤癣菌；（ii）比较直接显微镜检查（DM）、培养、使用毛发样本的聚合酶链反应（PCRhair）和基于培养分离物的聚合酶链反应（PCRculture）在皮肤癣菌病诊断中的性能。
每月通过刮取患病马匹的皮肤收集阿拉伯马皮肤病变处的毛发和结痂样本。样本分为三份：第一份用于显微镜检查，第二份用于培养，第三份用于基因间隔区（ITS）的聚合酶链反应扩增。
在检查的200匹马中，70匹（35%）表现出皮肤癣菌病的特征性皮肤病变。直接显微镜检查显示，70.4%的样本真菌成分呈阳性，85.7%培养呈阳性。鉴定出的菌种为犬小孢子菌、疣状毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌须癣变种和马小孢子菌。在25个选定样本中，通过直接显微镜检查、培养、PCRculture和PCRhair检测，皮肤癣菌阳性率分别为64%、92%、91.3%和52%。
犬小孢子菌、疣状毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌须癣变种和马小孢子菌是阿拉伯马皮肤癣菌病的最常见病因。虽然样本数量较少，但基于ITS的聚合酶链反应与培养结合时可能是一种有用的诊断工具。
