Jursík Miroslav, Kováčová Jana, Kočárek Martin, Hamouzová Kateřina, Soukup Josef
Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
Pest Manag Sci. 2017 May;73(5):1024-1030. doi: 10.1002/ps.4421. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a crop that is very sensitive to herbicide contamination owing to its short growing season. The use of long-residual herbicides and non-woven fabric coverings could therefore influence pendimethalin concentrations in soil and lettuce.
The pendimethalin half-life in soil ranged between 18 and 85 days and was mainly affected by season (i.e. weather), and especially by soil moisture. Pendimethalin degradation in soil was slowest under dry conditions. A longer pendimethalin half-life was observed under the non-woven fabric treatment, but the effect of varying application rate was not significant. Pendimethalin residue concentrations in lettuce heads were significantly influenced by pendimethalin application rate and by non-woven fabric cover, especially at the lettuce's early growth stages. The highest pendimethalin concentration at final harvest was determined in lettuce grown on uncovered plots treated with pendimethalin at an application rate of 1200 g ha (7-38 µg kg ). Depending on growing season duration and weather conditions, pendimethalin concentrations in lettuce grown under non-woven fabric ranged from 0 to 21 µg kg .
Use of transparent non-woven fabric cover with lettuce can help to reduce application rates of soil herbicides and diminish the risk of herbicide contamination in the harvested vegetables. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
生菜（Lactuca sativa L.）是一种生长季节短、对除草剂污染非常敏感的作物。因此，使用长残留除草剂和无纺布覆盖可能会影响土壤和生菜中的二甲戊灵浓度。
土壤中二甲戊灵的半衰期在18至85天之间，主要受季节（即天气）影响，尤其是土壤湿度。在干燥条件下，土壤中二甲戊灵的降解最慢。在无纺布处理下观察到二甲戊灵的半衰期更长，但不同施用量的影响不显著。生菜头中的二甲戊灵残留浓度受二甲戊灵施用量和无纺布覆盖的显著影响，尤其是在生菜生长早期。最终收获时，在以1200克/公顷（7 - 38微克/千克）的施用量用二甲戊灵处理的未覆盖地块上种植的生菜中，二甲戊灵浓度最高。根据生长季节持续时间和天气条件，无纺布覆盖下种植的生菜中二甲戊灵浓度在0至21微克/千克之间。
生菜使用透明无纺布覆盖有助于降低土壤除草剂的施用量，并降低收获蔬菜中除草剂污染的风险。© 2016化学工业协会。
