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身体活动水平与精神病:对46个低收入和中等收入国家的204186人身体活动目标达成影响因素的中介分析

Physical Activity Levels and Psychosis: A Mediation Analysis of Factors Influencing Physical Activity Target Achievement Among 204 186 People Across 46 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

作者信息

Stubbs Brendon, Koyanagi Ai, Schuch Felipe, Firth Joseph, Rosenbaum Simon, Gaughran Fiona, Mugisha James, Vancampfort Davy

机构信息

Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

出版信息

Schizophr Bull. 2017 May 1;43(3):536-545. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbw111.

Abstract

Physical activity (PA) can help reduce cardiovascular disease and premature mortality in people with psychosis. However, there is a paucity of representative data on PA in people with psychosis, especially from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Moreover, data on subclinical psychosis and PA is absent. This study explored whether complying with PA recommendations of 150 minutes of moderate-vigorous PA per week is related to: (1) psychotic symptoms without a psychosis diagnosis (subclinical psychosis); and (2) clinical psychosis (psychosis diagnosis). A total of 204 186 participants aged 18-64 years from 46 LMICs recruited via the World Health Survey were subdivided into those with (1) no psychosis diagnosis and no psychotic symptoms in the past 12 months (controls); (2) subclinical psychosis; and (3) psychosis diagnosis. People with a psychosis diagnosis had significantly higher odds for low PA in the overall sample (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.04-1.78; P = .024) and among males (OR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.57-3.34; P < .0001) but not females (OR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.67-1.30; P = .6712). No difference was found among those with subclinical psychosis vs controls. Mediation analyses demonstrated that mobility difficulties explained the largest amount of low PA among males (18.5%) followed by self-care difficulties (16.3%), depression (16.1%), cognition (11.8%), pain and discomfort (11.4%), interpersonal activities (8.6%), sleep and energy (7.2%), and vision (3.0%). The results from the largest dataset on PA and psychosis and first in LMICs, found that psychosis diagnosis (especially among males) but not subclinical psychosis, is associated with physical inactivity. Population level interventions seeking to increase PA among people with psychosis may help improve health outcomes.

摘要

身体活动(PA)有助于降低精神病患者患心血管疾病的风险和过早死亡率。然而,关于精神病患者身体活动的代表性数据匮乏,尤其是来自低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs)的数据。此外,关于亚临床精神病与身体活动的数据也不存在。本研究探讨了每周遵守150分钟中等强度至剧烈强度身体活动的建议是否与以下因素相关:(1)无精神病诊断的精神病症状(亚临床精神病);(2)临床精神病(精神病诊断)。通过世界卫生调查从46个低收入和中等收入国家招募的204186名年龄在18至64岁的参与者被细分为以下几组:(1)在过去12个月内无精神病诊断且无精神病症状(对照组);(2)亚临床精神病;(3)精神病诊断。在总体样本中,患有精神病诊断的人身体活动不足的几率显著更高(OR = 1.36;95% CI = 1.04 - 1.78;P = 0.024),在男性中也是如此(OR = 2.29;95% CI = 1.57 - 3.34;P < 0.0001),但在女性中并非如此(OR = 0.93;95% CI = 0.67 - 1.30;P = 0.6712)。亚临床精神病患者与对照组之间未发现差异。中介分析表明,行动困难在男性身体活动不足中占比最大(18.5%),其次是自我护理困难(16.3%)、抑郁(16.1%)、认知(11.8%)、疼痛和不适(11.4%)、人际活动(8.6%)、睡眠和精力(7.2%)以及视力(3.0%)。来自关于身体活动与精神病的最大数据集且首次在低收入和中等收入国家进行的研究结果发现,精神病诊断(尤其是在男性中)而非亚临床精神病与身体不活动有关。旨在增加精神病患者身体活动的人群层面干预措施可能有助于改善健康结果。

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