Banyard Harry, Edward Karen-Leigh, Garvey Loretta, Stephenson John, Azevedo Liane, Benson Amanda Clare
Department of Biomedical, Health, and Exercise Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Nursing and Midwifery, College of Sport, Health and Engineering, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2025 Jun;34(3):e70054. doi: 10.1111/inm.70054.
Exercise can reduce physiological and psychological symptoms associated with depression and anxiety. However, it is unknown which mode of exercise, if any, is more beneficial. To determine whether aerobic, resistance, or aerobic and resistance exercise improves depressive and/or anxiety symptoms in individuals diagnosed with depression or anxiety. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Five electronic databases were searched, until February 24, 2024. Studies were included for analysis based on satisfying quality appraisal standards and the established inclusion criteria associated with aerobic or resistance exercise in adults with a diagnosis of depression or anxiety. Random effects meta-analysis was performed where possible. Thirty-two randomised controlled trial studies (n = 3243 participants) met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review, and 26 studies (n = 2681 participants) were included in the meta-analyses. For the 25 studies assessing the effect of exercise on depressive symptoms, the pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) favoured exercise as a beneficial treatment of depression (-0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.28 to -0.66), with a large magnitude of effect. For the 11 studies reporting the effect of exercise on anxiety symptoms, the pooled SMD results revealed that exercise had a significant, moderate magnitude of effect favouring exercise treatment (-0.66, 95% CI -1.09 to -0.23). No studies excessively influenced the outcomes of depression and anxiety. Aerobic, resistance, or a mixture of aerobic and resistance exercise is beneficial for improving symptoms of depression and anxiety. Protocol Registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019119341 (date of registration: 5/2/2019).
运动可以减轻与抑郁和焦虑相关的生理和心理症状。然而，尚不清楚哪种运动方式（如果有的话）更有益。为了确定有氧运动、抗阻运动或有氧与抗阻运动相结合是否能改善被诊断为抑郁或焦虑的个体的抑郁和/或焦虑症状。本研究遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。检索了五个电子数据库，检索截止到2024年2月24日。根据质量评估标准和与诊断为抑郁或焦虑的成年人进行有氧运动或抗阻运动相关的既定纳入标准，纳入研究进行分析。在可能的情况下进行随机效应Meta分析。32项随机对照试验研究（n = 3243名参与者）符合本系统评价的纳入标准，26项研究（n = 2681名参与者）纳入Meta分析。对于评估运动对抑郁症状影响的25项研究，合并标准化均数差（SMD）表明运动作为抑郁症的一种有益治疗方法具有显著效果（-0.97，95%置信区间[CI] -1.28至-0.66），效应量较大。对于报告运动对焦虑症状影响的11项研究，合并SMD结果显示运动对焦虑症状有显著的中度效应，支持运动治疗（-0.66，95% CI -1.09至-0.23）。没有研究过度影响抑郁和焦虑的结果。有氧运动、抗阻运动或有氧与抗阻运动相结合有利于改善抑郁和焦虑症状。方案注册：PROSPERO注册号：CRD42019119341（注册日期：2019年5月2日）。
