Self D J
Theor Med. 1989 Mar;10(1):9-19. doi: 10.1007/BF00625755.
After noting why the issue of the use of animals in medical education and research needs to be addressed, this article briefly reviews the historical positions on the role of animals in society and describes in more detail the current positions in the wide spectrum of positions regarding the role of animals in society. The spectrum ranges from the extremes of the animal exploitation position to the animal liberation position with several more moderate positions in between these two extremes. Then the philosophical issue of the moral agency of animals is discussed in terms of an explication of the concept of rights and the concept of personhood. Further research is suggested concerning institutional policies regarding medical students who refuse to do physiology dog labs or other assignments which involve the suffering and/or death of animals.
在阐述了为何需要解决医学教育和研究中使用动物这一问题后，本文简要回顾了关于动物在社会中角色的历史观点，并更详细地描述了当前在动物在社会中角色的广泛观点范围内的立场。这个范围涵盖了从动物剥削立场的极端到动物解放立场的极端，在这两个极端之间还有几个较为温和的立场。接着，从权利概念和人格概念的阐释角度讨论了动物道德主体的哲学问题。文中还建议针对拒绝进行生理学狗实验或其他涉及动物痛苦和/或死亡的任务的医学生的机构政策开展进一步研究。
