Kannenberg K, Weichert J, Rody A, Banz-Jansen C
Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck.
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2016 Jul;76(7):809-813. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-101546.
Anxiety during pregnancy can influence outcomes negatively. The aim of this study was to assess the fears of expectant parents in the setting of antenatal and obstetric care according to their sex, age, parity and education.
259 pregnant women and 183 partners, who had presented for antenatal investigation, routine antenatal care or for delivery in the UKSH women's hospital, Lübeck campus, completed a self-assessment questionnaire of fears and the German version of the STAI (Laux et al.). ANOVA and t-tests were used for significance testing.
Pregnant women had higher levels of trait anxiety and state anxiety than their partners. Level of education had a significant, inverse effect on trait anxiety. Age had no influence. Fears for the child's health ranked highest among pregnancy-specific fears. Expectant fathers had the same level of anxiety for the birth irrespective of parity; for women fear of the birth decreased with increasing parity. Anxiety only increased significantly for expectant fathers from the 20th week of gestation onwards.
Pregnant women and their partners have different levels of anxiety dependant on their age, education, parity and the stage of pregnancy. These findings could contribute towards improving support of couples during pregnancy. The fears of expectant fathers require particular attention.
孕期焦虑会对结局产生负面影响。本研究的目的是根据准父母的性别、年龄、胎次和教育程度，评估他们在产前和产科护理过程中的恐惧。
259名孕妇及其183名伴侣在吕贝克校区的英国石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因大学医院进行产前检查、常规产前护理或分娩时，完成了一份恐惧自评问卷和德文版的状态-特质焦虑量表（劳克斯等人编制）。采用方差分析和t检验进行显著性检验。
孕妇的特质焦虑和状态焦虑水平高于其伴侣。教育程度对特质焦虑有显著的反向影响。年龄没有影响。在特定于孕期的恐惧中，对孩子健康的恐惧位居榜首。无论胎次如何，准父亲对分娩的焦虑水平相同；对于女性而言，对分娩的恐惧随着胎次增加而降低。仅从妊娠第20周起，准父亲的焦虑才显著增加。
孕妇及其伴侣的焦虑水平因年龄、教育程度、胎次和孕期阶段而异。这些发现有助于改善孕期对夫妇的支持。准父亲的恐惧需要特别关注。
