Kolar David R, Rodriguez Dania L Mejía, Chams Moises Mebarak, Hoek Hans W
aDepartment for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany bDepartamento de Psicología, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia cDepartamento de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia dDepartment of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA eParnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands fDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2016 Nov;29(6):363-71. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000279.
Eating disorders are currently not considered to be limited to Western culture. We systematically reviewed the existing literature on the prevalence of eating disorders in Latin America.
Of 1583 records screened, 17 studies from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela were included in the analysis. Most studies reported point-prevalence rates and only three studies provided lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates. We found a mean point-prevalence rate of 0.1% for anorexia nervosa, 1.16% for bulimia nervosa, and 3.53% for binge-eating disorder (BED) in the general population. Heterogeneity for bulimia nervosa and BED was large. This meta-analysis indicates that the prevalence of anorexia nervosa seems to be lower, whereas the prevalence of bulimia nervosa and especially of BED seems to be higher in Latin America than in Western countries.
Our findings show that eating disorders are common mental disorders in Latin America. However, some facets of Latin American culture might be protective for the development of anorexia nervosa and increase the risk for bulimia nervosa and BED. Further studies investigating the epidemiology of eating disorders and their relation to culture in Latin America are needed.
SPANISH ABSTRACT.
目前认为饮食失调并不局限于西方文化。我们系统回顾了拉丁美洲饮食失调患病率的现有文献。
在筛选的1583条记录中，分析纳入了来自阿根廷、巴西、智利、哥伦比亚、墨西哥和委内瑞拉的17项研究。大多数研究报告了时点患病率，只有三项研究提供了终生患病率和12个月患病率。我们发现，普通人群中神经性厌食症的平均时点患病率为0.1%，神经性贪食症为1.16%，暴饮暴食症（BED）为3.53%。神经性贪食症和暴饮暴食症的异质性很大。这项荟萃分析表明，拉丁美洲神经性厌食症的患病率似乎较低，而神经性贪食症尤其是暴饮暴食症的患病率似乎高于西方国家。
我们的研究结果表明，饮食失调在拉丁美洲是常见的精神障碍。然而，拉丁美洲文化的某些方面可能对神经性厌食症的发展具有保护作用，并增加了神经性贪食症和暴饮暴食症的风险。需要进一步研究拉丁美洲饮食失调的流行病学及其与文化的关系。
西班牙语摘要。
Zotero 插件