Adee Eric, Hansel Fernando D, Ruiz Diaz Dorivar A, Janssen Keith
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University Manhattan, KS, USA.
Front Plant Sci. 2016 Aug 18;7:1232. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01232. eCollection 2016.
Strip-till has been used at a large scale in east central Kansas as an alternative to earlier planting dates under a no-till system. To determine the effects of planting corn (Zea mays) under previously established strip-tilled fertilized rows, experiments were conducted on an Osage silty clay loam soil in 2006 and 2008 and on a Woodson silt loam soil in 2009, 2010, and 2011 using three different planting distances from the strip-tilled fertilized rows (0, 10, 20, and 38 cm) with a strip-till operation performed between 1 and 73 days before planting. The depth of the strip-till fertilizer application was 13-15 cm below the soil surface. Corn that was planted 10 cm from the fertilized row showed greater early season growth, higher plant population, and grain yield. Planting 20 and 38 cm from the center of the fertilized rows showed none of the benefits that are typically associated with strip-tillage system. Enough time should be allowed between the strip-till operation and planting to reach satisfactory soil conditions (e.g., moist and firm seedbed). Our results suggest that the best location for planting strip-tilled fertilized corn vary depending on soil and climatic conditions as well as the time between fertilizer application with the strip-till operation and planting. With fewer number of days, planting directly on the center of fertilized strip-till resulted in decreased plant population and lower grain yield. However, the greatest yield benefit across different planting conditions was attained when planting within 10 cm of the strip.
在堪萨斯州中东部，带状耕作已被大规模应用，作为免耕系统下提前播种日期的一种替代方法。为了确定在先前建立的带状耕作施肥行下种植玉米（Zea mays）的效果，于2006年和2008年在奥色治粉质粘壤土上以及2009年、2010年和2011年在伍德森粉质壤土上进行了试验，采用距带状耕作施肥行三种不同的种植距离（0、10、20和38厘米），带状耕作操作在种植前1至73天进行。带状耕作施肥深度为土壤表面以下13 - 15厘米。距施肥行10厘米处种植的玉米在生长季早期生长更快、植株密度更高且产量更高。距施肥行中心20厘米和38厘米处种植的玉米未表现出带状耕作系统通常具有的任何益处。在带状耕作操作和种植之间应留出足够时间以达到满意的土壤条件（例如，湿润且紧实的苗床）。我们的结果表明，带状耕作施肥玉米的最佳种植位置因土壤和气候条件以及带状耕作施肥操作与种植之间的时间而异。天数较少时，直接种植在施肥带状耕作的中心会导致植株密度降低和产量下降。然而，在距带状10厘米内种植时，在不同种植条件下获得的产量效益最大。
