Mc Fie Sarah, Brown James, Hendricks Sharief, Posthumus Michael, Readhead Clint, Lambert Mike, September Alison V, Viljoen Wayne
*Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; and†Medical Department, South African Rugby Football Union, Cape Town, South Africa.
Clin J Sport Med. 2016 Sep;26(5):398-404. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000276.
To determine the concussion incidence and to identify factors associated with concussion in South African youth rugby union players.
Prospective cohort study.
Injury surveillance was completed at the South African Rugby Union Youth Week tournaments (under-13, under-16, and under-18 age groups).
South African youth rugby union players. A total of 7216 players participated in 531 matches between 2011 and 2014.
None.
Concussion incidence was calculated per 1000 player-match-hours with 95% CIs. Poisson regression was used to calculate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) between factors (age, time period, playing position, and activity at the time of concussion) potentially associated with concussions.
The concussion incidence was 6.8/1000 player-match-hours (95% CI, 5.5-8.1) across all age groups. Under-13s (IRR, 1.5; P = 0.09) and under-16s (IRR, 1.7; P = 0.03) had higher concussion incidence rates than the under-18 age group. The incidence was higher in the third (IRR, 2.1; P = 0.04) and fourth (IRR, 2.5; P = 0.01) quarters of matches compared with the first quarter. Sixty-two percent of concussions occurred in the tackle situation. The tackler had a 4-fold greater concussion rate (IRR, 4.3; P < 0.001) compared with the ball carrier. The hooker and loose forwards had higher incidence rates than several other player positions (P < 0.05).
The reported concussion incidence falls within the broad range previously reported in youth rugby. The evidence highlighted in this study may contribute to targeted concussion prevention strategies and provide a baseline against which the effectiveness of future interventions can be measured.
确定南非青少年英式橄榄球联盟球员的脑震荡发生率，并识别与脑震荡相关的因素。
前瞻性队列研究。
在南非橄榄球联盟青年周锦标赛（13岁以下、16岁以下和18岁以下年龄组）完成损伤监测。
南非青少年英式橄榄球联盟球员。2011年至2014年期间，共有7216名球员参加了531场比赛。
无。
每1000球员比赛小时计算脑震荡发生率及95%可信区间。采用泊松回归计算可能与脑震荡相关的因素（年龄、时间段、比赛位置和脑震荡时的活动）之间的发病率比（IRR）。
所有年龄组的脑震荡发生率为6.8/1000球员比赛小时（95%可信区间，5.5 - 8.1）。13岁以下组（IRR，1.5；P = 0.09）和16岁以下组（IRR，1.7；P = 0.03）的脑震荡发生率高于18岁以下年龄组。与第一节相比，比赛第三节（IRR，2.1；P = 0.04）和第四节（IRR，2.5；P = 0.01）的发生率更高。62%的脑震荡发生在擒抱情况中。擒抱者的脑震荡发生率比持球者高4倍（IRR，4.3；P < 0.001）。钩球员和前排队员的发生率高于其他几个比赛位置（P < 0.05）。
报告的脑震荡发生率在先前报道的青少年橄榄球范围内。本研究强调的证据可能有助于制定有针对性的脑震荡预防策略，并提供一个基线，据此可衡量未来干预措施的有效性。
