儿童和青少年与运动相关的脑震荡发生率：系统评价与荟萃分析

The Incidence of Sports-Related Concussion in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

作者信息

Ingram Veronica, Fielding Megan, Dunne Laura A M, Piantella Stefan, Weakley Jonathon, Johnston Rich D, McGuckian Thomas B

机构信息

School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Melbourne, VIC, 3065, Australia.

Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre (HBMRC), Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.

出版信息

Sports Med Open. 2025 Apr 11;11(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s40798-025-00834-9.

DOI:10.1186/s40798-025-00834-9

PMID:40214904

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11992322/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Sport-related concussions (SRC) are a concern for young athletes due to the potential for long-term health problems. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature exploring SRC incidence in youth sports to understand the associated risks.

METHODS

Medline, Embase, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched without language restrictions up to September 2024. Studies were included if they (i) reported data for calculation of SRC incidence, (ii) were a prospective cohort study, and (iii) included a sample aged ≤ 18 years. Studies that reported Athlete Exposure (AE) or Player Hours (PH) as SRC incidence data measures were included in a multi-level random-effects meta-analysis. Additional analysis explored SRC incidence based on age, sex, country, year of data collection, setting, and level of contact.

RESULTS

Of the 6474 studies reviewed for eligibility, 116 studies were accepted for a systematic review and 99 in the meta-analysis. A total of 3,025,911 participants were included in the review (59% male, 41% female); however, 41% of studies did not report sample size. The pooled incidence rate of SRC per 1000 AE was found to be 1.41 across 21 sports, and 4.36 per 1000 PH across 7 sports. The highest incidence per 1000 AE were in taekwondo, rugby union, and ice hockey, and the highest incidence per 1000 PH were in rugby 7s, rugby league, and rugby union.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review and meta-analysis can serve as an updated baseline for risk of concussion among youth athletes across various sports.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

This systematic review was registered on OSF Registries ( https://osf.io/v298s ).

摘要

背景

与运动相关的脑震荡（SRC）因可能导致长期健康问题而成为年轻运动员关注的焦点。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在全面概述探索青少年体育运动中SRC发生率的文献，以了解相关风险。

方法

检索了Medline、Embase、SPORTDiscus、PsycINFO和Web of Science数据库，检索截至2024年9月，无语言限制。纳入的研究需满足以下条件：（i）报告了用于计算SRC发生率的数据；（ii）为前瞻性队列研究；（iii）样本年龄≤18岁。将报告运动员暴露量（AE）或运动员小时数（PH）作为SRC发生率数据测量指标的研究纳入多层次随机效应荟萃分析。额外的分析基于年龄、性别、国家、数据收集年份、环境和接触水平探讨了SRC发生率。

结果

在审查的6474项符合条件的研究中，116项研究被接受进行系统评价，99项研究纳入荟萃分析。该评价共纳入3025911名参与者（59%为男性，41%为女性）；然而，41%的研究未报告样本量。发现在21项运动中，每1000 AE的SRC合并发生率为1.41，在7项运动中，每1000 PH的SRC合并发生率为4.36。每1000 AE发生率最高的运动是跆拳道、英式橄榄球联盟和冰球，每1000 PH发生率最高的运动是七人制橄榄球、英式橄榄球联盟和英式橄榄球联盟。