Needleman S B, Romberg R W
Navy Drug Screening Laboratories, Great Lakes, IL.
J Forensic Sci. 1989 Jul;34(4):848-57.
Quantitative analytical data, generated at the Navy Drug Screening Laboratory, Great Lakes, Illinois, expressed as percent confirmed positives for four drugs of abuse (marijuana metabolite, cocaine metabolite, amphetamines, and opiates) are summarized and compared according to their population of origin. The four populations of interest included U.S. Navy and Marine Corps recruits and service school members. Conformed positive urines for marijuana showed a small but significant decline (p less than 0.001) from about 1.2% confirmed positive among U.S. Navy recruits entering service school commands in 1984 to 0.9% among Navy service school members in 1988 and from 2.0% among U.S. Marine Corps recruits entering service schools in 1984 to 0.8% among Marine Corps service school members in 1988. Navy and Marine Corps recruits showed a significantly higher (p less than 0.001) confirmed positive use rate (6.1 and 3.3%, respectively) compared to service school members, perhaps reflecting their recent civilian use pattern. The relatively high confirmed positive cocaine rate among all groups may have reflected an increasing trend in all populations, confirming a similar trend in high school and other civilian populations. Generally, the frequency of confirmed positive urines with amphetamines and opiates, based upon the findings at the Navy Drug Screening Laboratory at Great Lakes, has been static except for an apparent recent increase in amphetamine use in 1988. The decline in confirmed positive drug urinalyses among service school members from both the Navy and Marine Corps indicated that perhaps education and maturity had a positive effect upon their behavior.
伊利诺伊州大湖海军药物筛查实验室生成的定量分析数据，以四种滥用药物（大麻代谢物、可卡因代谢物、苯丙胺和鸦片制剂）的确认阳性百分比表示，根据其来源人群进行了总结和比较。四个感兴趣的人群包括美国海军和海军陆战队新兵以及军校学员。大麻确认阳性尿液呈小幅但显著下降（p小于0.001），从1984年进入军校的美国海军新兵中约1.2%的确认阳性率降至1988年海军军校学员中的0.9%，从1984年进入军校的美国海军陆战队新兵中的2.0%降至1988年海军陆战队军校学员中的0.8%。与军校学员相比，海军和海军陆战队新兵的确认阳性使用率显著更高（p小于0.001）（分别为6.1%和3.3%），这可能反映了他们最近的平民使用模式。所有群体中相对较高的可卡因确认阳性率可能反映了所有人群中的上升趋势，证实了高中和其他平民人群中的类似趋势。一般来说，根据大湖海军药物筛查实验室的结果，苯丙胺和鸦片制剂确认阳性尿液的频率一直保持稳定，除了1988年苯丙胺使用量最近明显增加。海军和海军陆战队军校学员中确认阳性药物尿液分析的下降表明，教育和成熟度可能对他们的行为产生了积极影响。
