Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University , Atasehir, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey.
Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University , Kreml uramı 18, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420008, Russian Federation.
Anal Chem. 2016 Oct 4;88(19):9813-9820. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02917. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
The increasing number of reports about false positive or negative results from conventional cytotoxicity assays of nanomaterials (NMs) suggests that more reliable NM toxicity assessment methods should be developed. Here, we report a novel approach for nanotoxicity evaluation based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Three model NMs were tested on two model cell lines and the results were validated by WST-1 cytotoxicity assay and annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining as apoptosis-necrosis assay. The localization of nanoparticles (NPs) in the cells and the cellular conditions upon NP incubation were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and enhanced dark-field (EDF) microscopy. SERS revealed a broader view on the consequences of cell-NM interactions compared to the conventional cytotoxicity assays where only one aspect of toxicity can be measured by one assay type. The results suggest that SERS can significantly contribute to the cytotoxicity evaluation bypassing NM or assay component-related complications with less effort.
越来越多的报告表明，传统的细胞毒性检测方法对纳米材料（NMs）的检测结果存在假阳性或假阴性，这表明需要开发更可靠的 NM 毒性评估方法。在这里，我们报告了一种基于表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）的新型纳米毒性评估方法。我们在两种模型细胞系上测试了三种模型 NM，并通过 WST-1 细胞毒性测定法和 Annexin V-FITC/碘化丙啶（PI）染色作为凋亡-坏死测定法进行了验证。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）和增强暗场（EDF）显微镜观察纳米颗粒（NPs）在细胞中的定位和 NP 孵育后细胞的状态。与传统的细胞毒性测定法相比，SERS 更全面地反映了细胞-NM 相互作用的结果，因为传统的细胞毒性测定法只能通过一种测定类型来测量毒性的一个方面。结果表明，SERS 可以绕过与 NM 或测定组件相关的并发症，以较少的努力显著促进细胞毒性评估。
