Vermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2017 Nov 7;19(12):1425-1433. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw201.
Use of machine-estimated higher nicotine/tar yield (regular full-flavor) cigarettes is associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence. The present study examined risk factors for using full-flavor versus other cigarette types, including socioeconomic disadvantage and other risk factors for tobacco use or tobacco-related adverse health impacts. Associations between use of full-flavor cigarettes and risk of nicotine dependence were also examined.
Data were obtained from nationally representative samples of adult cigarette smokers from the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Logistic regression and classification and regression tree modeling were used to examine associations between use of full-flavor cigarettes and educational attainment, poverty, race/ethnicity, age, sex, mental illness, alcohol abuse/dependence, and illicit drug abuse/dependence. Logistic regression was used to examine risk for nicotine dependence.
Each of these risk factors except alcohol abuse/dependence independently predicted increased odds of using full-flavor cigarettes (p < .001), with lower educational attainment the strongest predictor, followed by poverty, male sex, younger age, minority race/ethnicity, mental illness, and drug abuse/dependence, respectively. Use of full-flavor cigarettes was associated with increased odds of nicotine dependence within each of these risk factor groupings (p < .01). Cart modeling identified how prevalence of full-flavor cigarette use can vary from a low of 25% to a high of 66% corresponding to differing combinations of these independent risk factors.
Use of full-flavor cigarettes is overrepresented in socioeconomically disadvantaged and other vulnerable populations, and associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence. Greater regulation of this cigarette type may be warranted.
Greater regulation of commercially available Regular Full-Flavor Cigarettes may be warranted. Use of this type of cigarette is overrepresented in socioeconomically disadvantaged and other vulnerable populations and associated with increased risk for nicotine dependence.
使用机器估算尼古丁/焦油产量较高的（普通全风味）香烟与尼古丁依赖风险增加有关。本研究考察了使用全风味香烟与其他香烟类型的风险因素，包括社会经济劣势和其他与烟草使用或与烟草相关的不良健康影响有关的风险因素。还研究了使用全风味香烟与尼古丁依赖风险之间的关联。
数据来自美国全国毒品使用和健康调查的全国代表性成年香烟吸烟者样本。使用逻辑回归和分类回归树模型来研究使用全风味香烟与教育程度、贫困、种族/民族、年龄、性别、精神疾病、酒精滥用/依赖和非法药物滥用/依赖之间的关联。使用逻辑回归来研究尼古丁依赖的风险。
除酒精滥用/依赖外，这些风险因素中的每一个都独立预测了使用全风味香烟的几率增加（p<.001），教育程度较低是最强的预测因素，其次是贫困、男性性别、较年轻的年龄、少数民族/族裔、精神疾病和药物滥用/依赖。在这些风险因素分组中，使用全风味香烟与尼古丁依赖的几率增加相关（p<.01）。分类树模型确定了全风味香烟的使用率如何从低至 25%到高至 66%不等，具体取决于这些独立风险因素的不同组合。
使用全风味香烟在社会经济劣势和其他弱势群体中更为普遍，并且与尼古丁依赖风险增加有关。这种香烟类型的更严格监管可能是必要的。
更严格地监管市售普通全风味香烟可能是必要的。这种类型的香烟在社会经济劣势和其他弱势群体中更为普遍，并且与尼古丁依赖风险增加有关。
