Pengpid Supa, Peltzer Karl
ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2017 Mar-Apr;11(2):158-166. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2016.08.001. Epub 2016 Sep 7.
Concern about overweight and obesity is growing worldwide, and more research to examine behaviours associated with the risk for increased weight in adult populations is needed. The aim of this study was to estimate associations between behavioural risk factors and overweight and obesity among adults in nationally representative population samples from 20 countries in Europe, 8 countries in Asia, Australia, Chile and USA.
This secondary analysis is based on the International Social Survey Program (ISSP), 2011-2013, Health and Health Care Module. In a cross-sectional population-based survey (N=48,741) (mean age 46.6 years, SD=17.4, age range 15-102 years) simple or multi-stage stratified random sampling was used, yielding representative samples of the adult population of respective countries. Body Mass Index was assessed by self-reported height and weight. Correlates were risk behaviours for chronic disease (smoking status, alcohol intake, consumption of fruits and vegetable (=FV), and physical activity).
Overall, for all 31 countries the prevalence of overweight or obesity was 44.1%, 31.7% overweight and 12.4% obese. In adjusted logistic regression models, among men and among women ex-smoking was positively associated with both overweight and obesity, while light or moderate smoking overall and among men were inversely related with obesity. Moderate alcohol use was positively associated with both overweight and obesity, while heavy alcohol use was negatively associated with overweight. The daily consumption of FV was found to be protective from both overweight and obesity, overall and for men but not for women. Physical activity was positively associated with overweight but not obesity.
Some risk behaviours for chronic disease appear to be associated with overweight and obesity among adults. Interventions targeting these risk behaviours may have the potential to reduce weight.
全球范围内对超重和肥胖的关注日益增加，需要开展更多研究来调查成年人群中与体重增加风险相关的行为。本研究的目的是在来自欧洲20个国家、亚洲8个国家、澳大利亚、智利和美国具有全国代表性的人群样本中，估计行为风险因素与成年人超重和肥胖之间的关联。
本二次分析基于2011 - 2013年国际社会调查项目（ISSP）健康与医疗模块。在一项基于人群的横断面调查（N = 48,741）（平均年龄46.6岁，标准差 = 17.4，年龄范围15 - 102岁）中，采用简单或多阶段分层随机抽样，从而获得各个国家成年人群的代表性样本。通过自我报告的身高和体重评估体重指数。相关因素为慢性病的风险行为（吸烟状况、饮酒量、水果和蔬菜（=FV）摄入量以及身体活动）。
总体而言，在所有31个国家中，超重或肥胖的患病率为44.1%，超重者占31.7%，肥胖者占12.4%。在调整后的逻辑回归模型中，在男性和女性中，戒烟后超重和肥胖均呈正相关，而总体上以及男性中轻度或中度吸烟与肥胖呈负相关。适度饮酒与超重和肥胖均呈正相关，而重度饮酒与超重呈负相关。发现每日摄入FV总体上以及对男性而言可预防超重和肥胖，但对女性无效。身体活动与超重呈正相关，但与肥胖无关。
一些慢性病的风险行为似乎与成年人的超重和肥胖有关。针对这些风险行为的干预措施可能具有减轻体重的潜力。
