Polverino G, Bierbach D, Killen S S, Uusi-Heikkilä S, Arlinghaus R
Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Muggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany.
College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K.
J Fish Biol. 2016 Nov;89(5):2251-2267. doi: 10.1111/jfb.13100. Epub 2016 Sep 12.
In this study, the following hypotheses were explored using zebrafish Danio rerio: (1) individuals from the same cohort differ consistently in activity and risk-taking and (2) variation in activity and risk-taking is linked to individual differences in metabolic rate, body length and body condition. To examine these hypotheses, juvenile D. rerio were tested for routine metabolic rate and subsequently exposed to an open field test. Strong evidence was found for consistent among-individual differences in activity and risk-taking, which were overall negatively correlated with body length, i.e. larger D. rerio were found to be less active in a potentially dangerous open field and a similar trend was found with respect to a more direct measure of their risk-taking tendency. In contrast, routine metabolic rate and body condition were uncorrelated with both activity and risk-taking of juvenile D. rerio. These findings suggest that body length is associated with risk-related behaviours in juvenile D. rerio for which larger, rather than smaller, individuals may have a higher risk of predation, while the role for routine metabolic rate is relatively limited or non-existent, at least under the conditions of the present study.
在本研究中，我们使用斑马鱼（Danio rerio）探究了以下假设：（1）同一群体中的个体在活动和冒险行为方面存在持续差异；（2）活动和冒险行为的差异与代谢率、体长和身体状况的个体差异有关。为了检验这些假设，我们对幼年斑马鱼进行了常规代谢率测试，随后让它们接受旷场试验。我们发现了有力证据，表明个体之间在活动和冒险行为方面存在一致的差异，这些差异总体上与体长呈负相关，即发现较大的斑马鱼在潜在危险的旷场中活动较少，并且在更直接衡量其冒险倾向方面也发现了类似趋势。相比之下，常规代谢率和身体状况与幼年斑马鱼的活动和冒险行为均无相关性。这些发现表明，体长与幼年斑马鱼的风险相关行为有关，体型较大而非较小的个体可能具有更高的被捕食风险，而常规代谢率的作用相对有限或不存在，至少在本研究的条件下如此。
