Bossi Arthur H, Matta Guilherme G, Millet Guillaume Y, Lima Pedro, Pertence Leonardo C, de Lima Jorge P, Hopker James G
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 May;12(5):590-596. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0237. Epub 2016 Sep 6.
To describe pacing strategy in a 24-h running race and its interaction with sex, age group, athletes' performance group, and race edition.
Data from 398 male and 103 female participants of 5 editions were obtained based on a minimum 19.2-h effective-running cutoff. Mean running speed from each hour was normalized to the 24-h mean speed for analyses.
Mean overall performance was 135.6 ± 33.0 km with a mean effective-running time of 22.4 ± 1.3 h. Overall data showed a reverse J-shaped pacing strategy, with a significant reduction in speed from the second-to-last to the last hour. Two-way mixed ANOVAs showed significant interactions between racing time and both athlete performance group (F = 7.01, P < .001, η = .04) and race edition (F = 3.01, P < .001, η = .02) but not between racing time and either sex (F = 1.57, P = .058, ηp 2 < .01) or age group (F = 1.25, P = .053, η = .01). Pearson product-moment correlations showed an inverse moderate association between performance and normalized mean running speed in the first 2 h (r = -.58, P < .001) but not in the last 2 h (r = .03, P = .480).
While the general behavior represents a rough reverse J-shaped pattern, the fastest runners start at lower relative intensities and display a more even pacing strategy than slower runners. The "herd behavior" seems to interfere with pacing strategy across editions, but not sex or age group of runners.
描述24小时长跑比赛中的配速策略及其与性别、年龄组、运动员成绩组和比赛届次的相互作用。
基于至少19.2小时的有效跑步时长标准，获取了5届比赛中398名男性和103名女性参与者的数据。将每小时的平均跑步速度标准化为24小时平均速度进行分析。
平均总成绩为135.6±33.0公里，平均有效跑步时间为22.4±1.3小时。总体数据显示出倒J形配速策略，从倒数第二小时到最后一小时速度显著下降。双向混合方差分析显示，比赛时间与运动员成绩组（F = 7.01，P <.001，η =.04）和比赛届次（F = 3.01，P <.001，η =.02）之间存在显著交互作用，但比赛时间与性别（F = 1.57，P =.058，ηp2 <.01）或年龄组（F = 1.25，P =.053，η =.01）之间不存在显著交互作用。Pearson积差相关分析显示，成绩与前两小时标准化平均跑步速度之间呈中度负相关（r = -.58，P <.001），但后两小时不存在相关性（r =.03，P =.480）。
虽然总体行为呈现出大致的倒J形模式，但最快的跑步者起跑时相对强度较低，并且比速度较慢的跑步者表现出更均匀的配速策略。“从众行为”似乎会影响不同届次比赛的配速策略，但不会影响跑步者的性别或年龄组。
