Allen C I, Gillespie C R, Hall J N
Department of Psychology, St Crispin's Hospital, Northampton.
Psychol Med. 1989 May;19(2):459-67. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700012496.
This study evaluates and compares aspects of residential care in a community hostel setting and a hospital setting for people with a psychiatric disability. The clients were assessed to establish their level of general functioning, the comparison indicating there was no significant difference between the two groups on the measure used. A previously published protocol was used as a method of comparing the units. The findings indicated that the hospital unit was more individually orientated both in practices and staff attitudes, and had staff who were more optimistic about clients' potential accomplishments. No differences were found between perceived involvement of staff in decision making, or staff resident interactions. These findings have implications for the 'Care in the Community' movement, as they indicate that the nature of a service is as important as its location. They suggest that the relocation of services to the community in itself will not automatically overcome some of the difficulties associated with institutional care.
本研究评估并比较了社区旅社环境和医院环境中为精神残疾者提供的住宿护理的各个方面。对客户进行评估以确定他们的总体功能水平，比较结果表明，在所用的衡量标准上，两组之间没有显著差异。采用了先前发表的方案作为比较这些单位的方法。研究结果表明，医院单位在实践和工作人员态度方面更注重个性化，并且工作人员对客户的潜在成就更乐观。在工作人员参与决策的程度或工作人员与住户的互动方面未发现差异。这些研究结果对“社区护理”运动具有启示意义，因为它们表明服务的性质与其位置同样重要。它们表明，将服务重新安置到社区本身并不会自动克服与机构护理相关的一些困难。
