Smyth David R
School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
Development. 2016 Sep 15;143(18):3272-82. doi: 10.1242/dev.134064.
Many plants show some form of helical growth, such as the circular searching movements of growing stems and other organs (circumnutation), tendril coiling, leaf and bud reversal (resupination), petal arrangement (contortion) and leaf blade twisting. Recent genetic findings have revealed that such helical growth may be associated with helical arrays of cortical microtubules and of overlying cellulose microfibrils. An alternative mechanism of coiling that is based on differential contraction within a bilayer has also recently been identified and underlies at least some of these growth patterns. Here, I provide an overview of the genes and cellular processes that underlie helical patterning. I also discuss the diversity of helical growth patterns in plants, highlighting their potential adaptive significance and comparing them with helical growth patterns in animals.
许多植物呈现出某种形式的螺旋生长，例如生长茎和其他器官的圆周搜索运动（回旋转头运动）、卷须缠绕、叶片和芽逆转（反折）、花瓣排列（扭曲）以及叶片扭转。最近的遗传学研究结果表明，这种螺旋生长可能与皮层微管以及覆盖其上的纤维素微纤丝的螺旋阵列有关。最近还发现了一种基于双层内差异收缩的卷曲替代机制，并且这种机制至少是其中一些生长模式的基础。在此，我概述了构成螺旋模式的基因和细胞过程。我还讨论了植物中螺旋生长模式的多样性，强调了它们潜在的适应性意义，并将它们与动物的螺旋生长模式进行了比较。
