Naku Ghartey Jnr Frank, Anyanful Akwasi, Eliason Sebastian, Mohammed Adamu Saanid, Debrah Samuel
Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Int J Breast Cancer. 2016;2016:3645308. doi: 10.1155/2016/3645308. Epub 2016 Aug 18.
Background. Nearly 70% of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Ghana are in advanced stages of the disease due especially to low awareness, resulting in limited treatment success and high death rate. With limited epidemiological studies on breast cancer in Ghana, the aim of this study is to assess and understand the pattern of breast cancer distribution for enhancing early detection and treatment. Methods. We randomly selected and screened 3000 women for clinical palpable breast lumps and used univariate and bivariate analysis for description and exploration of variables, respectively, in relation to incidence of breast cancer. Results. We diagnosed 23 (0.76%) breast cancer cases out of 194 (6.46%) participants with clinically palpable breast lumps. Seventeen out of these 23 (0.56%) were premenopausal (<46.6 years) with 7 (0.23%) being below 35 years. With an overall breast cancer incidence of 0.76% in this study, our observation that about 30% of these cancer cases were below 35 years may indicate a relative possible shift of cancer burden to women in their early thirties in Ghana, compared to Western countries. Conclusion. These results suggest an age adjustment for breast cancer screening to early twenties for Ghanaian women and the need for a nationwide breast cancer screening to understand completely the pattern of breast cancer distribution in Ghana.
背景。在加纳，近70%被诊断出患有乳腺癌的女性处于疾病晚期，这尤其归因于意识淡薄，导致治疗成功率有限且死亡率高。由于加纳关于乳腺癌的流行病学研究有限，本研究的目的是评估并了解乳腺癌的分布模式，以加强早期检测和治疗。方法。我们随机挑选并筛查了3000名女性是否有临床可触及的乳腺肿块，并分别使用单变量和双变量分析来描述和探究与乳腺癌发病率相关的变量。结果。在194名（6.46%）有临床可触及乳腺肿块的参与者中，我们诊断出23例（0.76%）乳腺癌病例。这23例中的17例（0.56%）为绝经前（<46.6岁），其中7例（0.23%）年龄低于35岁。在本研究中，乳腺癌总体发病率为0.76%，我们观察到约30%的这些癌症病例年龄低于35岁，这可能表明与西方国家相比，加纳乳腺癌负担相对可能向三十出头的女性转移。结论。这些结果表明，加纳女性乳腺癌筛查年龄应调整到二十出头，并且需要在全国范围内进行乳腺癌筛查，以全面了解加纳乳腺癌的分布模式。
