Koponen H, Stenbäck U, Mattila E, Soininen H, Reinikainen K, Riekkinen P J
Department of Neurology, University Central Hospital of Kuopio, Finland.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1989 Jun;79(6):579-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10306.x.
Seventy elderly patients meeting the DSM-III criteria for delirium were examined during the acute stage and followed up to one year. The mean age of the patients was 75 years (range 60-88), their delirium lasted on average 20 days (range 3-81) and the psychiatric hospitalization on average 30 days (range 8-365). The most common etiologies for delirium were stroke, infections and metabolic disorders. For 57 cases (81%) a predisposing structural brain disease was found. During the index admission, the cognitive dysfunction associated with delirium ameliorated significantly (the mean +/- SD Mini-Mental State Examination score 9.7 +/- 6.6 at admission and 13.9 +/- 7.2 at discharge; P less than 0.001), but during the one-year follow-up progression of the basic central nervous system disease was seen together with declining cognition and deterioration of functions of daily living.
对70名符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）谵妄标准的老年患者在急性期进行了检查，并随访了一年。患者的平均年龄为75岁（范围60-88岁），谵妄平均持续20天（范围3-81天），精神科住院平均30天（范围8-365天）。谵妄最常见的病因是中风、感染和代谢紊乱。57例（81%）患者存在结构性脑疾病易患因素。在首次入院期间，与谵妄相关的认知功能障碍显著改善（入院时简易精神状态检查表平均得分±标准差为9.7±6.6，出院时为13.9±7.2；P<0.001），但在一年的随访中，基础中枢神经系统疾病进展，同时认知能力下降，日常生活功能恶化。
