Juliato Cássia Raquel Teatin, Baccaro Luiz F, Pedro Adriana O, Gabiatti José R E, Lui-Filho Jeffrey F, Costa-Paiva Lucia
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Alexander Fleming, 101, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil, 13083-881.
Int Urogynecol J. 2017 Mar;28(3):423-429. doi: 10.1007/s00192-016-3139-9. Epub 2016 Sep 17.
The objective was to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and factors associated in a sample of Brazilian middle-aged women.
A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2012 and June 2013 with 749 women. UI was defined as any complaint of involuntary loss of urine. The independent variables were sociodemographic data and health-related habits and problems. Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi-squared test and Poisson regression.
The mean age was 52.5 (±4.4) years. The prevalence of UI was 23.6 %. Of these, 48 (6.4 %) had stress urinary incontinence, 59 (7.8 %) urinary urgency, and 70 (9.5 %) had mixed urinary incontinence. In the final statistical model, self-perception of health as fair/poor/very poor (PR: 1.90; 95 % CI, 1.45-2.49; P < 0.001), ≥1 vaginal deliveries (PR: 1.84; 95 % CI, 1.35-2.50; P < 0.001), higher body mass index (PR: 1.04; 95 % CI, 1.02-1.06; P = 0.001), vaginal dryness (PR: 1.60; 95 % CI, 1.23-2.08; P = 0.001), current or previous hormone therapy (PR: 1.38; 95 % CI, 1.06-1.81; P = 0.019), pre-/perimenopause (PR: 1.42; 95 % CI, 1.06-1.91; P = 0.021), and previous hysterectomy (PR: 1.41; 95 % CI, 1.03-1.92; P = 0.031) were associated with a greater prevalence of UI. Current or previous use of soy products to treat menopausal symptoms was associated with a lower prevalence of UI (PR: 0.43; 95 % CI, 0.24-0.78; P = 0.006).
Several factors are associated with UI in middle-aged Brazilian women. The results highlight the importance of carrying out interventions aimed at reducing modifiable factors.
目的是确定巴西中年女性样本中尿失禁（UI）的患病率及相关因素。
于2012年9月至2013年6月对749名女性进行了一项横断面研究。尿失禁定义为任何非自愿性尿液流失的主诉。自变量为社会人口统计学数据以及与健康相关的习惯和问题。采用卡方检验和泊松回归进行统计分析。
平均年龄为52.5（±4.4）岁。尿失禁患病率为23.6%。其中，48人（6.4%）患有压力性尿失禁，59人（7.8%）有尿急症状，70人（9.5%）患有混合性尿失禁。在最终统计模型中，自我感觉健康状况为一般/较差/非常差（PR：1.90；95%CI，1.45 - 2.49；P＜0.001）、≥1次阴道分娩（PR：1.84；95%CI，1.35 - 2.50；P＜0.001）、较高的体重指数（PR：1.04；95%CI，1.02 - 1.06；P = 0.001）、阴道干涩（PR：1.60；95%CI，1.23 - 2.08；P = 0.001）、当前或既往激素治疗（PR：1.38；95%CI，1.06 - 1.81；P = 0.019）、绝经前/围绝经期（PR：1.42；95%CI，1.06 - 1.91；P = 0.021）以及既往子宫切除术（PR：1.41；95%CI，1.03 - 1.92；P = 0.031）均与尿失禁患病率较高相关。当前或既往使用大豆制品治疗更年期症状与尿失禁患病率较低相关（PR：0.43；95%CI，0.24 - 0.78；P = 0.006）。
巴西中年女性的尿失禁与多种因素相关。研究结果凸显了开展旨在减少可改变因素的干预措施的重要性。
