Peebles Kathryn, Hall Marissa G, Pepper Jessica K, Byron M Justin, Noar Seth M, Brewer Noel T
Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
J Adolesc Health. 2016 Dec;59(6):635-641. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.07.003. Epub 2016 Sep 16.
Pictorial cigarette pack warnings are a promising policy solution to increase smoking cessation among adults. However, little is known regarding adolescents' responses to pictorial warnings, particularly in real-world settings.
Participants were 112 adolescent children, ages 13-17, whose parents received either text-only warnings on the side of their cigarette packs or pictorial warnings on the top half of the front and back of their cigarette packs for 4 weeks as part of a trial. We measured adolescents' recall and recognition of these warnings, negative emotional reactions to the warnings, perceived effectiveness of the warnings, social interactions about the warnings, and smoking risk beliefs.
Adolescents accurately recalled pictorial warnings more often than text-only warnings (82% vs. 19%, p < .001). Recognition of warnings was also higher for pictorial than text-only warnings (82% vs. 34%, p < .001). Pictorial warnings drew greater attention (p < .001), elicited greater negative emotional reactions (p < .05), and sparked more social interactions (p < .01) than text-only warnings.
Pictorial warnings on cigarette packs may have important effects on adolescent children of smokers. Future research should further investigate the impact of such messages on adolescents' susceptibility to smoking initiation and interest in quitting smoking, particularly as the United States and other countries work to implement pictorial warning regulations.
带有图片的香烟包装警示是一种有望促进成年人戒烟的政策解决方案。然而，对于青少年对图片警示的反应，尤其是在现实环境中的反应，我们了解甚少。
参与者为112名年龄在13至17岁之间的青少年儿童，他们的父母作为一项试验的一部分，在四周时间里，其香烟包装侧面收到的要么是纯文字警示，要么是包装正面和背面的上半部分带有图片的警示。我们测量了青少年对这些警示的回忆和识别、对警示的负面情绪反应、对警示有效性的认知、关于警示的社交互动以及吸烟风险信念。
青少年准确回忆起图片警示的频率高于纯文字警示（82%对19%，p <.001）。对警示的识别率也是图片警示高于纯文字警示（82%对34%，p <.001）。与纯文字警示相比，图片警示更能吸引注意力（p <.001），引发更强烈的负面情绪反应（p <.05），并引发更多社交互动（p <.01）。
香烟包装上的图片警示可能对吸烟者的青少年子女产生重要影响。未来的研究应进一步调查此类信息对青少年开始吸烟易感性和戒烟兴趣的影响，特别是在美国和其他国家努力实施图片警示规定之际。
