Pennybaker Steven, Hemming Patrick, Roy Durga, Anton Blair, Chisolm Margaret S
PENNYBAKER: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD HEMMING: Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC ROY and CHISOLM: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD ANTON: Welch Medical Library, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
J Psychiatr Pract. 2016 Sep;22(5):363-81. doi: 10.1097/PRA.0000000000000178.
A systematic review was conducted of the biomedical literature regarding pastoral care (PaC) providers on inpatient psychiatric units with the aim of answering 3 questions: (1) What are the risks and benefits of PaC providers' presence on inpatient psychiatric units? (2) What are current recommendations for integration of PaC providers into a psychiatric team? and (3) What gaps exist in the literature?
PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched from the start of each database to July 9, 2014 using terms related to PaC providers and inpatient psychiatry. Two independent reviewers performed full-text reviews of each article identified by independent review of all titles/abstracts from the electronic search and by a hand search of articles included in reference lists. Inclusion criteria were: English-language article, published in a peer-reviewed journal, and focus on a PaC provider working in a psychiatric hospital setting. One author performed data extraction.
Forty-nine articles were identified by electronic (84%) and hand search (16%), 18 of which were evaluative studies: 5 qualitative and 13 quantitative. Most of the literature viewed integration of PaC providers in inpatient treatment teams as beneficial. Potential harms were noted and mitigation strategies suggested, including providing training to PaC providers concerning psychiatric illness, clearly defining roles, and enhancing team integration. None of the articles reported outcomes data.
Psychiatric inpatients often have unmet spiritual needs. Although the literature suggests potential benefits of PaC providers for psychiatric inpatients, more rigorous studies are needed to establish these benefits as efficacious. The authors of this review recommend the cautious integration of PaC providers into the psychiatric inpatient care team.
对关于住院精神科病房中牧师关怀（PaC）提供者的生物医学文献进行系统综述，旨在回答3个问题：（1）PaC提供者出现在住院精神科病房的风险和益处是什么？（2）目前将PaC提供者纳入精神科团队有哪些建议？以及（3）文献中存在哪些空白？
使用与PaC提供者和住院精神科相关的术语，在2014年7月9日之前，从每个数据库建立之初开始对PubMed、PsycInfo、Embase、CINAHL和Scopus进行检索。两名独立评审员对通过电子检索所有标题/摘要以及手工检索参考文献列表中包含的文章所确定的每篇文章进行全文评审。纳入标准为：英文文章、发表在同行评审期刊上且聚焦于在精神病医院环境中工作的PaC提供者。由一名作者进行数据提取。
通过电子检索（84%）和手工检索（16%）共识别出49篇文章，其中18篇为评估性研究：5篇定性研究和13篇定量研究。大多数文献认为将PaC提供者纳入住院治疗团队是有益的。指出了潜在危害并提出了缓解策略，包括为PaC提供者提供有关精神疾病的培训、明确界定角色以及加强团队融合。没有文章报告结果数据。
精神科住院患者往往有未得到满足的精神需求。尽管文献表明PaC提供者对精神科住院患者有潜在益处，但需要更严格的研究来证实这些益处是有效的。本综述的作者建议谨慎地将PaC提供者纳入精神科住院护理团队。
