Loveday Adam, Sherar Lauren B, Sanders James P, Sanderson Paul W, Esliger Dale W
National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK. The NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Loughborough, UK.
Physiol Meas. 2016 Oct;37(10):1834-1851. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/10/1834. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
When used in large, national surveillance programmes, objective measurement tools provide prevalence estimates of low physical activity guideline compliance and high amounts of sedentary time. There are undoubtedly a plethora of reasons for this but one possible contributing factor is the current lack of behavioural context offered by accelerometers and posture sensors. Context includes information such as where the behaviour occurs, the type of activity being performed and is vital in allowing greater refinement of intervention strategies. Novel technologies are emerging with the potential to provide this information. Example data from three ongoing studies is used to illustrate the utility of these technologies. Study one assesses the concurrent validity of electrical energy monitoring and wearable cameras as measures of television viewing. This study found that on average the television is switched on for 202 min d but is visible in just 90 min of wearable camera images with a further 52 min where the participant is in their living room but the television is not visible in the image. Study two utilises indoor location monitoring to assess where older adult care home residents accumulate their sedentary time. This study found that residents were highly sedentary (sitting for an average of 720 min d) and spent the majority of their time in their own rooms with more time spent in communal areas in the morning than in the afternoon. Lastly, study three discusses the use of proximity sensors to quantify exposure to a height adjustable desk. These studies are example applications of this technology, with many other technologies available and applications possible. The adoption of these technologies will provide researchers with a more complete understanding of the behaviour than has previously been available.
在大型国家监测项目中使用时，客观测量工具可提供低体力活动指南依从性和大量久坐时间的患病率估计值。造成这种情况的原因无疑众多，但一个可能的促成因素是目前加速度计和姿势传感器缺乏行为背景信息。背景信息包括行为发生的地点、正在进行的活动类型等，对于更精细地制定干预策略至关重要。新兴技术有潜力提供此类信息。来自三项正在进行的研究的示例数据用于说明这些技术的效用。研究一评估电能监测和可穿戴摄像头作为电视观看测量方法的同时效度。该研究发现，电视平均每天开启202分钟，但在可穿戴摄像头图像中仅出现90分钟，另外还有52分钟参与者在客厅但电视未出现在图像中。研究二利用室内位置监测来评估老年护理院居民久坐时间的累积地点。该研究发现，居民久坐时间很长（平均每天坐720分钟），且大部分时间待在自己房间，上午在公共区域待的时间比下午多。最后，研究三讨论了使用接近传感器来量化接触高度可调节办公桌的情况。这些研究是该技术的示例应用，还有许多其他技术可用且可能有多种应用。采用这些技术将使研究人员比以往更全面地了解行为。
