Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2019 Jan 3;7(1):e10371. doi: 10.2196/10371.
Self-management is a critical component of chronic disease management and can include a host of activities, such as adhering to prescribed medications, undertaking daily care activities, managing dietary intake and body weight, and proactively contacting medical practitioners. The rise of technologies (mobile phones, wearable cameras) for health care use offers potential support for people to better manage their disease in collaboration with their treating health professionals. Wearable cameras can be used to provide rich contextual data and insight into everyday activities and aid in recall. This information can then be used to prompt memory recall or guide the development of interventions to support self-management. Application of wearable cameras to better understand and augment self-management by people with chronic disease has yet to be investigated.
The objective of our review was to ascertain the scope of the literature on the use of wearable cameras for self-management by people with chronic disease and to determine the potential of wearable cameras to assist people to better manage their disease.
We conducted a scoping review, which involved a comprehensive electronic literature search of 9 databases in July 2017. The search strategy focused on studies that used wearable cameras to capture one or more modifiable lifestyle risk factors associated with chronic disease or to capture typical self-management behaviors, or studies that involved a chronic disease population. We then categorized and described included studies according to their characteristics (eg, behaviors measured, study design or type, characteristics of the sample).
We identified 31 studies: 25 studies involved primary or secondary data analysis, and 6 were review, discussion, or descriptive articles. Wearable cameras were predominantly used to capture dietary intake, physical activity, activities of daily living, and sedentary behavior. Populations studied were predominantly healthy volunteers, school students, and sports people, with only 1 study examining an intervention using wearable cameras for people with an acquired brain injury. Most studies highlighted technical or ethical issues associated with using wearable cameras, many of which were overcome.
This scoping review highlighted the potential of wearable cameras to capture health-related behaviors and risk factors of chronic disease, such as diet, exercise, and sedentary behaviors. Data collected from wearable cameras can be used as an adjunct to traditional data collection methods such as self-reported diaries in addition to providing valuable contextual information. While most studies to date have focused on healthy populations, wearable cameras offer promise to better understand self-management of chronic disease and its context.
自我管理是慢性病管理的重要组成部分，它可以包括一系列活动，如坚持服用规定的药物、进行日常护理活动、管理饮食摄入和体重、以及主动联系医疗从业者。医疗保健技术（手机、可穿戴摄像机）的兴起为人们在与治疗保健专业人员合作的情况下更好地管理疾病提供了潜在支持。可穿戴摄像机可用于提供有关日常活动的丰富背景数据和见解，并帮助回忆。然后可以使用这些信息来提示记忆回忆或指导开发干预措施以支持自我管理。应用可穿戴摄像机来更好地了解和增强慢性病患者的自我管理尚未得到研究。
我们的综述目的是确定可穿戴摄像机在慢性病患者自我管理中的使用文献范围，并确定可穿戴摄像机协助人们更好地管理疾病的潜力。
我们进行了范围界定综述，于 2017 年 7 月对 9 个数据库进行了全面的电子文献搜索。该搜索策略侧重于使用可穿戴摄像机捕获与慢性病相关的一个或多个可改变的生活方式风险因素或捕获典型的自我管理行为的研究，或涉及慢性病人群的研究。然后，我们根据研究的特点（例如，测量的行为、研究设计或类型、样本特征）对纳入的研究进行分类和描述。
我们确定了 31 项研究：25 项研究涉及原始或二次数据分析，6 项为评论、讨论或描述性文章。可穿戴摄像机主要用于捕获饮食摄入、身体活动、日常生活活动和久坐行为。研究的人群主要是健康志愿者、学生和运动员，只有 1 项研究使用可穿戴摄像机检查了对脑损伤患者的干预措施。大多数研究都强调了使用可穿戴摄像机相关的技术或道德问题，其中许多问题已经得到解决。
本范围界定综述强调了可穿戴摄像机捕捉慢性病相关行为和风险因素的潜力，如饮食、运动和久坐行为。从可穿戴摄像机收集的数据可以作为传统数据收集方法（如自我报告日记）的补充，除了提供有价值的背景信息外，还可以提供有价值的背景信息。虽然迄今为止的大多数研究都集中在健康人群上，但可穿戴摄像机为更好地了解慢性病的自我管理及其背景提供了希望。
