Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Cardiol Rev. 2013 Mar-Apr;21(2):77-93. doi: 10.1097/CRD.0b013e3182748d37.
Other countries have seen a decline in stroke incidence after improved treatment and prevention of known risk factors for stroke. China is still experiencing significant increases in the incidence rate of total stroke. We systematically reviewed the evidence on the impact of 5 modifiable risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes, and smoking) for the risk of stroke in the Chinese population, with the aim to develop more effective prevention and disease management programs. A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE for all observational studies that reported on the association between risk of stroke and any of the 5 risk factors and the composite risk factor. Selected articles were published in either English or Chinese from January 2004 to December 2010. Evidence of the association between hypertension and stroke was the strongest of the 5 factors reported in studies, with adjusted odds ratios ranging between 2.75 and 5.47. The association among obesity, diabetes, smoking, and the risk for stroke was evident, but not as strong as for hypertension. The risk ratios of hypertension to stroke were higher in the Chinese population than those in other countries.
其他国家在改善对中风已知危险因素的治疗和预防后，中风发病率有所下降。而中国的中风总发病率仍在显著上升。我们系统地回顾了有关 5 种可改变的危险因素（高血压、血脂异常、肥胖、糖尿病和吸烟）对中国人群中风风险影响的证据，旨在制定更有效的预防和疾病管理方案。我们在 MEDLINE 和 EMBASE 中检索了所有关于中风风险与 5 种危险因素中的任何一种以及复合危险因素之间关联的观察性研究的文献。选择的文章均为 2004 年 1 月至 2010 年 12 月以英文或中文发表。在报告的 5 种因素中，高血压与中风之间的关联证据最强，调整后的比值比范围为 2.75 至 5.47。肥胖、糖尿病、吸烟与中风风险之间存在关联，但不如高血压那么强。中国人群高血压与中风的风险比高于其他国家。
