Fang Ting Yien, Praveena Sarva Mangala, deBurbure Claire, Aris Ahmad Zaharin, Ismail Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed, Rasdi Irniza
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Université 1B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium.
Chemosphere. 2016 Dec;165:358-368. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.051. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
In recent years, environmental concerns over ultra-trace levels of steroid estrogens concentrations in water samples have increased because of their adverse effects on human and animal life. Special attention to the analytical techniques used to quantify steroid estrogens in water samples is therefore increasingly important. The objective of this review was to present an overview of both instrumental and non-instrumental analytical techniques available for the determination of steroid estrogens in water samples, evidencing their respective potential advantages and limitations using the Need, Approach, Benefit, and Competition (NABC) approach. The analytical techniques highlighted in this review were instrumental and non-instrumental analytical techniques namely gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA), radio immuno assay (RIA), yeast estrogen screen (YES) assay, and human breast cancer cell line proliferation (E-screen) assay. The complexity of water samples and their low estrogenic concentrations necessitates the use of highly sensitive instrumental analytical techniques (GC-MS and LC-MS) and non-instrumental analytical techniques (ELISA, RIA, YES assay and E-screen assay) to quantify steroid estrogens. Both instrumental and non-instrumental analytical techniques have their own advantages and limitations. However, the non-instrumental ELISA analytical techniques, thanks to its lower detection limit and simplicity, its rapidity and cost-effectiveness, currently appears to be the most reliable for determining steroid estrogens in water samples.
近年来，由于水样中痕量甾体雌激素浓度对人类和动物生命产生不利影响，人们对其环境问题的关注度日益增加。因此，特别关注用于量化水样中甾体雌激素的分析技术变得越来越重要。本综述的目的是概述可用于测定水样中甾体雌激素的仪器分析和非仪器分析技术，并使用需求、方法、益处和竞争（NABC）方法证明它们各自的潜在优势和局限性。本综述中重点介绍的分析技术包括仪器分析和非仪器分析技术，即气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）、液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）、酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、放射免疫测定（RIA）、酵母雌激素筛选（YES）测定和人乳腺癌细胞系增殖（E-screen）测定。水样的复杂性及其低雌激素浓度需要使用高灵敏度的仪器分析技术（GC-MS和LC-MS）和非仪器分析技术（ELISA、RIA、YES测定和E-screen测定）来量化甾体雌激素。仪器分析和非仪器分析技术都有各自的优点和局限性。然而，非仪器ELISA分析技术由于其较低的检测限、简单性、快速性和成本效益，目前似乎是测定水样中甾体雌激素最可靠的方法。
