Bandeira Teresa, Ferreira Ricardo, Azevedo Inês
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Santa Maria, Medical School at University of Lisbon, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, Lisbon, Portugal.
Children's Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal.
J Pediatr. 2016 Oct;177S:S142-S147. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.04.051. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
Portugal has experienced rapid decline of neonatal and infant mortality in the last century, similar to that of other western European states. The joint venture of pediatricians and obstetricians with adequate top-down government commissions for maternal and child health for the decision making by health administrators and a well-defined schedule of preventive and managerial measures in the community and in hospitals are the most likely explanations for this success. Another achievement of child health care services is the registry for special diseases. Education of health care workers plays a fundamental role in improving health statistics. Portugal has a reasonable number of doctors, nurses, and health technicians per capita. Quality assurance monitoring systems and implementation of evidence-based clinical guidelines with digital records, including international coding, are essential steps to improve health care systems.
上个世纪，葡萄牙新生儿和婴儿死亡率迅速下降，与其他西欧国家类似。儿科医生和产科医生与政府自上而下设立的充足的母婴健康委员会开展合资合作，由卫生管理人员进行决策，并在社区和医院制定明确的预防和管理措施时间表，这些很可能是取得这一成功的原因。儿童保健服务的另一项成就是建立了特殊疾病登记系统。医护人员的培训在改善健康统计数据方面发挥着重要作用。葡萄牙人均拥有数量合理的医生、护士和卫生技术人员。质量保证监测系统以及实施基于证据的临床指南并采用数字记录（包括国际编码），是改善医疗保健系统的关键步骤。
