Chapman W C, Peterkin G A, LaMorte W W, Williams L F
Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
Dig Dis Sci. 1989 Sep;34(9):1420-4. doi: 10.1007/BF01538079.
Abnormal biliary motility has been observed in humans with gallstones and in animal models; however, the mechanism by which these abnormalities occur remains unknown. In this study we investigated the relationship between cholesterol gallstone formation, changes in biliary motility, and rates of gallbladder prostaglandin synthesis in prairie dogs receiving a 0.34% cholesterol diet for two, four, or six weeks. Gallstones did not occur until four weeks, when the incidence was 14%; after six weeks the incidence was 64%. Gallbladder emptying increased slightly at two weeks before becoming significantly decreased at four and six weeks. In contrast, there was a near linear increase in basal cystic duct resistance which began by two weeks of cholesterol feeding, although sphincter of Oddi resistances remained normal throughout the period of study. The synthesis of prostaglandins E and F2 alpha by the gallbladder was also increased beginning at two weeks and rose to a plateau at four and six weeks. In view of the potent effects of prostaglandins on biliary smooth muscle, these findings suggest that prostaglandins may mediate early changes in gallbladder and cystic duct motility which ultimately result in impaired gallbladder emptying.
在患有胆结石的人类和动物模型中均观察到了异常的胆汁动力；然而，这些异常发生的机制仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们调查了接受0.34%胆固醇饮食两周、四周或六周的草原犬鼠中胆固醇胆结石形成、胆汁动力变化与胆囊前列腺素合成速率之间的关系。直到四周时才出现胆结石，此时发病率为14%；六周后发病率为64%。胆囊排空在两周时略有增加，然后在四周和六周时显著下降。相比之下，胆囊管基础阻力从喂食胆固醇两周时开始几乎呈线性增加，尽管在整个研究期间Oddi括约肌阻力保持正常。胆囊前列腺素E和F2α的合成也从两周时开始增加，并在四周和六周时升至平台期。鉴于前列腺素对胆道平滑肌有强大作用，这些发现表明前列腺素可能介导胆囊和胆囊管动力的早期变化，最终导致胆囊排空受损。
