Tackett Jennifer L, Smack Avanté J, Herzhoff Kathrin, Reardon Kathleen W, Daoud Stephanie, Granic Isabela
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.
Stephanie Daoud, Joyceville Institution, Correctional Service of Canada, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Personal Ment Health. 2017 Feb;11(1):4-13. doi: 10.1002/pmh.1351. Epub 2016 Sep 26.
Recent efforts have demonstrated that thin-slice (TS) assessment-or assessment of individual characteristics after only brief exposure to that individual's behaviour-can produce reliable and valid measurements of child personality traits. The extent to which this approach can be generalized to archival data not designed to measure personality, and whether it can be used to measure personality pathology traits in youth, is not yet known. Archival video data of a parent-child interaction task was collected as part of a clinical intervention trial for aggressive children (N = 177). Unacquainted observers independently watched the clips and rated children on normal-range (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience) and pathological (callous-unemotional) personality traits. TS ratings of child personality showed strong internal consistency, valid associations with measures of externalizing problems and temperament, and revealed differentiated subgroups of children based on severity. As such, these findings demonstrate an ecologically valid application of TS methodology and illustrate how researchers and clinicians can extend their existing data by measuring child personality using TS methodology, even in cases where child personality was not originally measured. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
近期的研究表明，薄片（TS）评估——即仅在短暂接触个体行为后对其个体特征进行评估——能够对儿童的人格特质进行可靠且有效的测量。然而，这种方法在多大程度上能够推广至并非用于测量人格的档案数据，以及它是否可用于测量青少年的人格病理特质，目前尚不清楚。作为针对具有攻击性儿童的临床干预试验（N = 177）的一部分，收集了亲子互动任务的档案视频数据。不熟悉情况的观察者独立观看这些视频片段，并对儿童在正常范围（神经质、外向性、宜人性、尽责性和开放性）以及病理性（冷漠无情）人格特质方面进行评分。儿童人格的TS评分显示出很强的内部一致性，与外化问题和气质测量指标存在有效的关联，并根据严重程度揭示了不同的儿童亚组。因此，这些研究结果证明了TS方法在生态学上的有效应用，并说明了研究人员和临床医生如何能够通过使用TS方法测量儿童人格来扩展他们现有的数据，即使在最初未测量儿童人格的情况下也是如此。版权所有© 2016约翰·威利父子有限公司。
