Couillard C M, Leighton F A
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 Jul;13(1):165-73. doi: 10.1016/0272-0590(89)90316-3.
Pathological changes and body weights were compared in 9-day-old chicken embryos exposed to Prudhoe Bay Crude Oil (PBCO), pharmaceutical mineral oil, or a sealing film on the eggshell. Embryos exposed to 10 or 20 microliters PBCO developed marked ascites or subcutaneous edema, extensive liver necrosis, dilation of the heart, and cellular casts and mineralization in renal tubules. Wet and dry body weights were normal or above normal in embryos exposed to PBCO. No changes were found in embryos exposed to 10 microliters mineral oil; embryos exposed to 20 microliters mineral oil had slight dilation of the heart. Very few embryos survived in eggs that were wrapped in sealing film. All embryos that did survive had greatly reduced body weight and marked dilation of the heart. Four of these embryos had vacuolation of hepatocytes at the surface of the liver, one had superficial liver necrosis, and one embryo had slight ascites. These results indicate that the mechanism of the toxic action of PBCO on the avian embryo involves more than simple physical sealing of the shell.
对暴露于普拉德霍湾原油（PBCO）、药用矿物油或蛋壳上的密封膜的9日龄鸡胚的病理变化和体重进行了比较。暴露于10或20微升PBCO的胚胎出现明显腹水或皮下水肿、广泛的肝坏死、心脏扩张以及肾小管中的细胞管型和矿化。暴露于PBCO的胚胎的湿重和干重正常或高于正常。暴露于10微升矿物油的胚胎未发现变化；暴露于20微升矿物油的胚胎有轻微的心脏扩张。用密封膜包裹的鸡蛋中很少有胚胎存活。所有存活的胚胎体重都大幅下降且心脏明显扩张。其中四个胚胎肝脏表面的肝细胞有空泡化，一个有浅表肝坏死，一个胚胎有轻微腹水。这些结果表明，PBCO对禽类胚胎的毒性作用机制不仅仅涉及蛋壳的简单物理密封。
