Lusimbo W S, Leighton F A
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
J Wildl Dis. 1996 Apr;32(2):209-15. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-32.2.209.
Fertile white leghorn chicken eggs were exposed to 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 16 microliters of Prudhoe Bay Crude oil (PBCO) on day 9 of incubation. The effects of oil on pipping and hatching success, body weight gain after hatching, serum creatine kinase levels, and pathological changes in organ systems were assessed in embryos that had survived acute toxic effects and were alive on day 18 of incubation. Exposure to oil greatly reduced pipping and hatching success. Severe edema and hemorrhage in the pipping muscle, multifocal subcapsular hepatic necrosis, marked depletion of lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius with infiltration by heterophils, and occasional dorso-caudal subcutaneous edema were observed in treated embryos. Pipping muscles were heavier in oil-exposed embryos. Embryos exposed to 4 microliters of PBCO had significantly reduced gain in body weight post-hatching. Serum creatine kinase levels were significantly elevated in the oil-exposed embryos only at the time of hatching. There was no evidence that exposure to oil caused degenerative changes in pipping muscle cells.
在孵化第9天，将可育的白来航鸡鸡蛋分别暴露于0、1、2、4、6、8或16微升的普拉德霍湾原油（PBCO）中。在孵化第18天存活且未受急性毒性影响的胚胎中，评估了原油对啄壳和孵化成功率、孵化后体重增加、血清肌酸激酶水平以及器官系统病理变化的影响。暴露于原油中会大大降低啄壳和孵化成功率。在经处理的胚胎中观察到啄壳肌严重水肿和出血、多灶性肝包膜下坏死、法氏囊中淋巴细胞显著减少并伴有嗜异性粒细胞浸润，以及偶尔出现的背尾部皮下水肿。暴露于原油中的胚胎啄壳肌更重。暴露于4微升PBCO的胚胎孵化后体重增加显著减少。仅在孵化时，暴露于原油的胚胎血清肌酸激酶水平显著升高。没有证据表明暴露于原油会导致啄壳肌细胞发生退行性变化。
