Botez M I, Botez T, Elie R, Attig E
Laboratoire de Neuropsychologie, Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal affilié à l'Université de Montréal et Centre de Recherches, Hôpital Louis-H. Lafontaine, Québec, Canada.
Ital J Neurol Sci. 1989 Jun;10(3):291-300. doi: 10.1007/BF02333774.
Thirty-three outpatient epileptics with normal CT scans (group 1) and 31 patients with cerebellar and brain stem (CBS) atrophy (group 2) were randomly included in this study. There were no significant statistical differences between the groups with regard to age, education, and number of grand mal and other seizures. Statistical analyses showed that group 2 had a longer history of epilepsy with a consequently longer duration of phenytoin (PHT) consumption. Neuropsychological assessment revealed lower performance by this group on the following measures: full I.Q. scale, verbal I.Q. scale, performance I.Q. scale, information, arithmetic, block design, object assembly, digit symbol, Stroop test forms I and II, the B-M dexterity test, and the simple visual and auditory reaction time. No significant differences were observed between the two groups for the remaining 5 subtests from the WAIS scale, for the immediate recall and the delayed recall subtests belonging to Wechsler memory scale as well as for visual and auditory movement time. Analysis of the composite scores of neuropsychological performance showed that the cerebellum interferes with the following complex behavioral functions: (i) visuo-spatial organization for a concrete task, a function related to the cerebello-parietal loops' (ii) planning and programming of daily activities, a function related to the cerebello-frontal loops; and (iii) the speed of information processing, a mainly subcortical function.
33名CT扫描正常的门诊癫痫患者（第1组）和31名患有小脑和脑干萎缩的患者（第2组）被随机纳入本研究。两组在年龄、教育程度、癫痫大发作及其他发作次数方面无显著统计学差异。统计分析表明，第2组癫痫病史更长，因此苯妥英钠（PHT）服用时间也更长。神经心理学评估显示，该组在以下测量指标上表现较低：全智商量表、言语智商量表、操作智商量表、知识、算术、积木设计、图形拼凑、数字符号、Stroop测验I和II型、B-M灵巧性测验以及简单视觉和听觉反应时间。在韦氏成人智力量表（WAIS）其余5个分测验、韦氏记忆量表的即时回忆和延迟回忆分测验以及视觉和听觉运动时间方面，两组之间未观察到显著差异。对神经心理学表现综合得分的分析表明，小脑会干扰以下复杂行为功能：（i）具体任务的视觉空间组织，这一功能与小脑-顶叶环路有关；（ii）日常活动的计划和规划，这一功能与小脑-额叶环路有关；以及（iii）信息处理速度，这主要是一种皮质下功能。
