Wolitzky Rachel, Goudsmit Nora, Goetz Raymond R, Printz David, Gil Roberto, Harkavy-Friedman Jill, Malaspina Dolores
Department of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2006 Feb;28(2):167-77. doi: 10.1080/13803390500360315.
Previous research has indicated that patients with a family history of schizophrenia show a greater degree of cognitive and neuropsychological impairment than patients without a family history. We examined the neurocognitive performance, using the WAIS-R, of 51 patients with a family history (familial) and 103 patients without a family history (sporadic) to determine if differences exist that may help to explain the heterogeneous neuropsychological profile of the illness. The family history groups did not differ with respect to gender, diagnosis, ethnicity, age, age of onset, education or duration of illness. Multivariate analyses, covarying for age of onset and education, showed the sporadic group performed significantly better than the familial group on the digit symbol and object assembly subtests, with a trend level difference in overall performance IQ score. Additionally, we identified significant gender differences in favor of males for full scale and verbal IQ, the information, digit span, block design, and arithmetic subtests, and at a trend level, the picture assembly subtest. The family history group differences reflect relative dysfunction in visual attention and scanning, visuomotor control, and spatial processing and reasoning. Overall, the results suggest that sporadic patients have better perceptual-organizational skills and faster speed of processing.
先前的研究表明，有精神分裂症家族史的患者比没有家族史的患者表现出更大程度的认知和神经心理损害。我们使用韦氏成人智力量表修订版（WAIS-R）对51名有家族史（家族性）的患者和103名无家族史（散发性）的患者的神经认知表现进行了检查，以确定是否存在有助于解释该疾病异质性神经心理特征的差异。家族史组在性别、诊断、种族、年龄、发病年龄、教育程度或病程方面没有差异。在对发病年龄和教育程度进行协变量调整的多变量分析中，散发性组在数字符号和物体拼凑分测验中的表现显著优于家族性组，在总体智商得分上存在趋势性差异。此外，我们发现，在全量表智商、言语智商、知识、数字广度、积木图案和算术分测验中，男性表现明显优于女性，在图片排列分测验中也存在趋势性差异。家族史组的差异反映了视觉注意和扫视、视觉运动控制以及空间处理和推理方面的相对功能障碍。总体而言，结果表明散发性患者具有更好的知觉组织技能和更快的处理速度。
