Lee Jae-Hwan, Ahn Changhwan, Kang Hee Young, Hong Eui-Ju, Hyun Sang-Hwan, Choi Kyung-Chul, Jeung Eui-Bae
Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Sep 28;13(10):965. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13100965.
Octylphenol (OP) and bisphenol A (BPA) are known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). During pregnancy, the expression of steroid hormone receptors is controlled by maternal and fetal nutrition. To evaluate the impact of EDCs during pregnancy, ethinyl estradiol (EE, 0.2 mg/kg/day), OP (50 mg/kg/day), and BPA (50 mg/kg/day) were administered to pregnant mice. The mRNA levels of TRPV6 (transient receptor potential cation channels in subfamily V, member 6) decreased significantly by EE and OP. The PMCA1 (ATPase, Ca transporting, plasma membrane 1) mRNA and protein levels decreased significantly by EE, OP, and BPA. CTR1 (solute carrier family 31, member 1) and ATP7A (ATPase, Cu transporting, alpha polypeptide) expression decreased significantly by EE, OP, and BPA. The mRNA levels of IREG1 (iron-regulated transporter, member 1) decreased significantly by EE. Hephaestin (HEPH) mRNA levels decreased significantly by EE, OP, and BPA, and protein levels decreased significantly by BPA. As a result of immunohistochemistry analysis, all cation transporter proteins were found in labyrinth of placenta. To confirm the cytosolic level of cations, levels of cation level in fetal serum were measured. EE, OP, and BPA significantly reduced serum calcium and copper levels, and iron levels were reduced by BPA. Taken together, some EDCs, such as OP and BPA, could modulate the calcium, copper, and iron ion-transporting channels during pregnancy. The fetus relies on the mother for ionic transportation, and, therefore, pregnant women should avoid exposure to cation-channel-disrupting chemicals.
辛基酚(OP)和双酚A(BPA)被认为是内分泌干扰化学物质(EDCs)。在怀孕期间,类固醇激素受体的表达受母体和胎儿营养的控制。为了评估EDCs在孕期的影响,给怀孕小鼠注射乙炔雌二醇(EE,0.2毫克/千克/天)、OP(50毫克/千克/天)和BPA(50毫克/千克/天)。EE和OP使瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员6(TRPV6)的mRNA水平显著降低。EE、OP和BPA使质膜钙ATP酶1(PMCA1)的mRNA和蛋白水平显著降低。EE、OP和BPA使溶质载体家族31成员1(CTR1)和铜转运ATP酶α多肽(ATP7A)的表达显著降低。EE使铁调节转运蛋白1(IREG1)的mRNA水平显著降低。EE、OP和BPA使铁转运蛋白(HEPH)的mRNA水平显著降低,BPA使蛋白水平显著降低。免疫组织化学分析结果显示,所有阳离子转运蛋白均在胎盘迷路中发现。为了确认阳离子的胞质水平,检测了胎儿血清中的阳离子水平。EE、OP和BPA显著降低血清钙和铜水平,BPA降低铁水平。综上所述,一些EDCs,如OP和BPA,可能在孕期调节钙、铜和铁离子转运通道。胎儿依靠母亲进行离子转运,因此,孕妇应避免接触破坏阳离子通道的化学物质。