Cervantes Jorge
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Dr., El Paso, TX 79905, United States.
Respir Med. 2016 Oct;119:20-22. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.08.009. Epub 2016 Aug 19.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest infectious diseases that affected humankind. A quintessential social disease, TB remains one of the world's deadliest communicable diseases, with still a high mortality and burden of disease. Social representations of TB focus on aspects associated to feelings and manifestations awakened by the disease, sometimes reinforcing stigmas and prejudices about the way of perceiving TB. TB is a historic disease now reborn with a deeper social stigma. Despite the modest reduction in TB incidence worldwide, its incidence is still rising in certain crisis-affected populations like refugees, and in those bearing high prevalence of HIV, persisting poverty, especially in the developing world. Fear and stigma may appear justified with the increasing rates of multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB, and now extremely drug resistant (XDR) TB. However, stigmatization of TB poses serious obstacles to current TB control efforts, as socio-cultural aspects can influence adherence to TB treatment.
结核病是影响人类最古老的传染病之一。作为一种典型的社会疾病，结核病仍然是世界上最致命的传染病之一，死亡率和疾病负担仍然很高。结核病的社会表征集中在与该疾病引发的感受和表现相关的方面，有时会强化对结核病认知方式的污名和偏见。结核病是一种历史性疾病，如今带着更深的社会污名重生。尽管全球结核病发病率略有下降，但在某些受危机影响的人群（如难民）以及艾滋病毒高流行率、持续贫困的人群（尤其是在发展中世界）中，其发病率仍在上升。随着耐多药结核病以及现在的广泛耐药结核病发病率不断上升，恐惧和污名化似乎有其合理性。然而，对结核病的污名化给当前的结核病控制工作带来了严重障碍，因为社会文化方面会影响对结核病治疗的依从性。
