Stallings C E, Kapali J, Ellsworth B S
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States.
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2016;143:1-48. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.08.001. Epub 2016 Sep 12.
The pituitary gonadotrope is central to reproductive function. Gonadotropes develop in a systematic process dependent on signaling factors secreted from surrounding tissues and those produced within the pituitary gland itself. These signaling pathways are important for stimulating specific transcription factors that ultimately regulate the expression of genes and define gonadotrope identity. Proper gonadotrope development and ultimately gonadotrope function are essential for normal sexual maturation and fertility. Understanding the mechanisms governing differentiation programs of gonadotropes is important to improve treatment and molecular diagnoses for patients with gonadotrope abnormalities. Much of what is known about gonadotrope development has been elucidated from mouse models in which important factors contributing to gonadotrope development and function have been deleted, ectopically expressed, or modified. This chapter will focus on many of these mouse models and their contribution to our current understanding of gonadotrope development.
垂体促性腺激素细胞对生殖功能至关重要。促性腺激素细胞通过一个系统过程发育，该过程依赖于周围组织分泌的信号因子以及垂体自身产生的信号因子。这些信号通路对于刺激特定转录因子很重要，这些转录因子最终调节基因表达并确定促性腺激素细胞的特性。促性腺激素细胞的正常发育以及最终的功能对于正常性成熟和生育能力至关重要。了解控制促性腺激素细胞分化程序的机制对于改善促性腺激素细胞异常患者的治疗和分子诊断很重要。关于促性腺激素细胞发育的许多已知信息是从小鼠模型中阐明的，在这些模型中，对促性腺激素细胞发育和功能有重要贡献的因子已被删除、异位表达或修饰。本章将重点介绍许多此类小鼠模型及其对我们目前对促性腺激素细胞发育理解的贡献。
