全科医生的疾病行为——一项横断面调查。
Illness behaviour of general practitioners-a cross-sectional survey.
作者信息
Schulz S, Einsle F, Schneider N, Wensing M, Gensichen J
机构信息
Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Friedrich Schiller University, School of Medicine, Jena University Hospital, D-07743 Jena, Germany
Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Chemnitzer Str. 46, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
出版信息
Occup Med (Lond). 2017 Jan;67(1):33-37. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqw135. Epub 2016 Oct 3.
BACKGROUND
International guidelines recommend that physicians should be registered with a general practitioner (GP) and should avoid self-treatment. Adherence to these recommendations is mixed.
AIMS
To describe illness behaviour and chronic medical conditions of GPs in Germany.
METHODS
Cross-sectional, observational questionnaire study. We contacted 1000 GPs by mail in April 2014. We asked about registration with a GP, chronic conditions and self-treatment. We undertook descriptive statistical analysis and analysed associations using t-tests and chi-square test.
RESULTS
Two hundred and eighty-five responses (29%) were eligible for analysis. Nineteen per cent of GPs were registered as patients of a GP, 58% reported at least one chronic condition, 68% disclosed self-diagnosis and 60% self-treatment. Self-therapy for chronic conditions was inversely correlated with subjective severity of the disease (r = -0.159; P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The high rates of self-treatment and the low rate of registration with a GP of German GPs are in contrast to international guideline recommendations. Further research is needed to analyse specific reasons.
背景
国际指南建议医生应向全科医生（GP）注册，且应避免自我治疗。对这些建议的遵守情况参差不齐。
目的
描述德国全科医生的疾病行为和慢性疾病状况。
方法
横断面观察性问卷调查研究。2014年4月，我们通过邮件联系了1000名全科医生。我们询问了他们向全科医生的注册情况、慢性病状况和自我治疗情况。我们进行了描述性统计分析，并使用t检验和卡方检验分析了相关性。
结果
285份回复（29%）符合分析条件。19%的全科医生注册为全科医生的患者，58%报告至少有一种慢性病，68%透露进行自我诊断，60%进行自我治疗。慢性病的自我治疗与疾病的主观严重程度呈负相关（r = -0.159；P < 0.05）。
结论
德国全科医生自我治疗率高和向全科医生注册率低与国际指南建议形成对比。需要进一步研究以分析具体原因。
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