Sacks J J, Smith J D, Kaplan K M, Lambert D A, Sattin R W, Sikes R K
Division of Injury Epidemiology and Control, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
JAMA. 1989;262(12):1641-5.
From June 1987 through May 1988, we collected reports of injuries among 5300 children who attended 71 day-care centers in Atlanta, Ga. One hundred forty-three injuries severe enough for the child to require medical or dental care were reported, including 63 lacerations (44.1%), 23 fractures (16.1%), 5 crush injuries (3.5%), 4 dislocations (2.8%), 2 human bites (1.4%), and 2 concussions (1.4%). The head was the site of 98 (68.5%) injuries. Peak hours for injuries were 11 AM and 4 PM, the peak day was Monday, and the peak season was summer. After adjustment for hours and dates of attendance, the rate was 1.77 injuries per 100,000 child-hours in day care; among preschool-aged children, infants had the lowest rate (0.77) and 2-year-old children had the highest rate (2.26). Almost 47% of injuries occurred on the playground; falls were involved in 70% of such injuries. Because 33% of all injuries resulted from falls on the playground, impact-absorbing playground surfaces may be a possible intervention to reduce injuries.
1987年6月至1988年5月期间，我们收集了佐治亚州亚特兰大市71家日托中心5300名儿童的受伤报告。报告了143起严重到需要医疗或牙科护理的伤害事件，其中包括63处撕裂伤（44.1%）、23处骨折（16.1%）、5处挤压伤（3.5%）、4处脱臼（2.8%）、2处人咬伤（1.4%）和2处脑震荡（1.4%）。头部是98起（68.5%）伤害事件的受伤部位。受伤的高峰时段是上午11点和下午4点，高峰日是周一，高峰季节是夏季。在对出勤时间和日期进行调整后，日托中每10万个儿童小时的受伤率为1.77起；在学龄前儿童中，婴儿的受伤率最低（0.77），2岁儿童的受伤率最高（2.26）。近47%的伤害事件发生在操场上；此类伤害事件中有70%涉及摔倒。由于所有伤害事件中有33%是在操场上摔倒所致，使用具有冲击吸收功能的操场地面可能是减少伤害的一种可行干预措施。
