Golusinski Pawel
Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Recent Results Cancer Res. 2017;206:73-85. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-43580-0_5.
Human papillomavirus has been identified as a causative factor for a subset of head and neck carcinomas (HNSCC). The majority of the HPV-positive tumors arises in the oropharyngeal region, and at present, the infection of the human papilloma type 16 is the major cause of the oropharyngeal cancer development. Patients with HPV DNA-positive tumors have been shown to be younger in age and are less likely to have a history of tobacco smoking or alcohol use. The tumors referred to the HPV positivity have been proven to more likely confer better prognosis. Seven percent of the population between ages of 14 and 69 are infected by HPV at any given time within the oral mucosa. However, only about 1 % of those infections is associated with the high-risk cancerogenous types of the virus. Up to date few risk factors of HPV infection have been identified including age, gender and the sexual behavior. Tobacco smoking and immunosuppression have also been reported to play a role in HPV infection.
人乳头瘤病毒已被确定为一部分头颈癌（HNSCC）的致病因素。大多数HPV阳性肿瘤发生在口咽区域，目前，16型人乳头瘤病毒感染是口咽癌发展的主要原因。已证明HPV DNA阳性肿瘤患者年龄较轻，且吸烟或饮酒史的可能性较小。已证实HPV阳性的肿瘤更有可能带来更好的预后。在14至69岁的人群中，任何时候口腔黏膜中都有7%的人感染HPV。然而，这些感染中只有约1%与该病毒的高危致癌类型有关。迄今为止，已确定的HPV感染风险因素很少，包括年龄、性别和性行为。据报道，吸烟和免疫抑制在HPV感染中也起作用。
