Sakalem Marna Eliana, Seidenbecher Thomas, Zhang Mingyue, Saffari Roja, Kravchenko Mykola, Wördemann Stephanie, Diederich Kai, Schwamborn Jens C, Zhang Weiqi, Ambrée Oliver
Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Hippocampus. 2017 Jan;27(1):36-51. doi: 10.1002/hipo.22669. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
It is well known that adult neurogenesis occurs in two distinct regions, the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone along the walls of the lateral ventricles. Until now, the contribution of these newly born neurons to behavior and cognition is still uncertain. The current study tested the functional impacts of diminished hippocampal neurogenesis on emotional and cognitive functions in transgenic Gfap-tk mice. Our results showed that anxiety-related behavior evaluated both in the elevated plus maze as well as in the open field, social interaction in the sociability test, and spatial working memory in the spontaneous alternation test were not affected. On the other hand, recognition and emotional memory in the object recognition test and contextual fear conditioning, and hippocampal long-term potentiation were impaired in transgenic mice. Furthermore, we evaluated whether environmental enrichment together with physical exercise could improve or even restore the level of adult neurogenesis, as well as the behavioral functions. Our results clearly demonstrated that environmental enrichment together with physical exercise successfully elevated the overall number of progenitor cells and young neurons in the dentate gyrus of transgenic mice. Furthermore, it led to a significant improvement in object recognition memory and contextual fear conditioning, and reverted impairments in hippocampal long-term potentiation. Thus, our results confirm the importance of adult neurogenesis for learning and memory processes and for hippocampal circuitry in general. Environmental enrichment and physical exercise beneficially influenced adult neurogenesis after it had been disrupted and most importantly recovered cognitive functions and long-term potentiation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
众所周知，成年神经发生发生在两个不同的区域，即齿状回的颗粒下区和沿侧脑室壁的脑室下区。到目前为止，这些新生神经元对行为和认知的贡献仍不确定。当前的研究测试了转基因Gfap-tk小鼠中海马神经发生减少对情绪和认知功能的功能影响。我们的结果表明，在高架十字迷宫和旷场中评估的焦虑相关行为、社交能力测试中的社交互动以及自发交替测试中的空间工作记忆均未受到影响。另一方面，转基因小鼠在物体识别测试和情境恐惧条件反射中的识别和情绪记忆以及海马长时程增强受到损害。此外，我们评估了环境富集与体育锻炼是否可以改善甚至恢复成年神经发生的水平以及行为功能。我们的结果清楚地表明，环境富集与体育锻炼成功地提高了转基因小鼠齿状回中祖细胞和年轻神经元的总数。此外，它导致物体识别记忆和情境恐惧条件反射有显著改善，并逆转了海马长时程增强的损伤。因此，我们的结果证实了成年神经发生对学习和记忆过程以及一般海马回路的重要性。在成年神经发生受到破坏后，环境富集和体育锻炼对其产生了有益影响，最重要的是恢复了认知功能和长时程增强。© 2016威利期刊公司
