Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Science. 2016 Sep 30;353(6307):1532-1535. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf4381.
The Anthropocene is witnessing a loss of biodiversity, with well-documented declines in the diversity of ecosystems and species. For intraspecific genetic diversity, however, we lack even basic knowledge on its global distribution. We georeferenced 92,801 mitochondrial sequences for >4500 species of terrestrial mammals and amphibians, and found that genetic diversity is 27% higher in the tropics than in nontropical regions. Overall, habitats that are more affected by humans hold less genetic diversity than wilder regions, although results for mammals are sensitive to choice of genetic locus. Our study associates geographic coordinates with publicly available genetic sequences at a massive scale, yielding an opportunity to investigate both the drivers of this component of biodiversity and the genetic consequences of the anthropogenic modification of nature.
人类世见证了生物多样性的丧失，生态系统和物种多样性的明显下降。然而，对于种内遗传多样性，我们甚至缺乏其全球分布的基本知识。我们对超过 4500 种陆地哺乳动物和两栖动物的 92801 条线粒体序列进行了地理定位，并发现热带地区的遗传多样性比非热带地区高 27%。总体而言，受人类影响更大的栖息地比更原始的地区拥有更少的遗传多样性，尽管哺乳动物的结果对遗传基因座的选择较为敏感。我们的研究将地理位置与公开可用的遗传序列大规模关联起来，为研究生物多样性的这一组成部分的驱动因素以及人为改变自然的遗传后果提供了机会。
